uri(7) Miscellaneous Information Manual uri(7) uri, url, urn - (URI) URL URN URI = [ absoluteURI | relativeURI ] [ "#" fragment ] absoluteURI = scheme .RB " : " ( hierarchical_part | opaque_part ) relativeURI = ( net_path | absolute_path | relative_path ) [ "?" query ] scheme = "http" | "ftp" | "gopher" | "mailto" | "news" | "telnet" | "file" | "ftp" | "man" | "info" | "whatis" | "ldap" | "wais" | ... hierarchical_part = ( net_path | absolute_path ) [ "?" query ] net_path = "//" authority [ absolute_path ] absolute_path = "/" path_segments relative_path = relative_segment [ absolute_path ] (URI) ( ). (URL) URI ( "" ) . (URN) URI . URIs . "http://www.kernel.org" URL ( URI). URL URI ( URLs URIs). URIs . . "." ".." : " " " " UNIX. URI ( "this:that") ./ ( "./this:that"). MS-DOS ( Microsoft Windows) ("|") URIs "C:" "C|". () '#' . URI '#' . URI . URL ip_server ( ): ip_server = [user [ : password ] @ ] host [ : port] / . host DNS IP ( ). URI example.com fred ( fredpassword) 8080. URI . URL URL . UNIX . URIs . http - (HTTP) http://ip_server/path http://ip_server/path?query URL (HTTP). 80. "index.html" "index.htm" ( ) . . "isindex" (=). "GET" key=value (&). key . HTML/XML/SGML GET URI SGML/XML ( HTML) (&) &. URI ( POST) URI. . ftp - (FTP) ftp://ip_server/path URL (FTP). () 21. "anonymous" . . gopher - Gopher gopher://ip_server/gophertype selector gopher://ip_server/gophertype selector%09search gopher://ip_server/gophertype selector%09search%09gopher+_string gopher 70. gophertype Gopher URL. "/" gophertype "1". selector Gopher. Gopher Gopher 09 (US-ASCII HT ) 0A ( US-ASCII LF) 0D ( US-ASCII CR). mailto - mailto:email-address name@hostname. mailaddr(7) . % %25. . news - news:newsgroup-name news:message-id newsgroup-name "comp.infosystems.www.misc". "*" ( ) " ". . message-id Message-ID IETF RFC 1036, "<" ">" unique@full_domain_name. "@". telnet - Telnet telnet://ip_server/ URL Telnet Telnet. "/" . 23. . file - file://ip_server/path_segments file:_ . _IP "localhost" " URL". . KDE URL . ( glob(7) glob(3)). ( ) . URI. URI. " " <../test.txt> . . man - man:- man:-() (man). man(7) . URI UNIX ( Linux) IETF. . info - info:-- info:--#- info:(--) info:(--)- ( texinfo) GNU. URI UNIX ( Linux) IETF. GNOME KDE URI . GNOME . KDE URI. . GNOME KDE "Top". GNOME . KDE . whatis - whatis: ( ) . . whatis(1). URI UNIX ( Linux) IETF. ghelp - GNOME ghelp:- GNOME . . ldap - ldap://_ ldap://_/ ldap://_/dn ldap://_/dn? ldap://_/dn?? ldap://hostport/dn?attributes?scope?filter ldap://hostport/dn?attributes?scope?filter?extensions (LDAP) ( ). RFC 2255 URL LDAP. URL : hostport LDAP . LDAP TCP 389. LDAP . dn LDAP LDAP ( RFC 2253 3). RFC 2251 4.1.5. . scope "base" ( ) "one" ( ) "sub" ( ). "base". filter ( ). . RFC 2254 4. extensions type=value =value . '!' ( ) (). LDAP . ldap.itd.umich.edu : ldap://ldap.itd.umich.edu/o=University%20of%20Michigan,c=US : ldap://ldap.itd.umich.edu/o=University%20of%20Michigan,c=US?postalAddress host.com 6666 (cn) "Babs Jensen" : ldap://host.com:6666/o=University%20of%20Michigan,c=US??sub?(cn=Babs%20Jensen) wais - wais://hostport/database wais://hostport/database?search wais://hostport/database/wtype/wpath WAIS ( IETF RFC 1625 WAIS). Hostport ( 210). WAIS . WAIS database. WAIS . wtype WAIS wpath WAIS. URI . URI URI ( Mozilla about: GNOME toc: ). ( prospero). nntp: news:. URNs urn: ( urn:ietf:... IETF) URNs . . URIs . URI ( URI): ; / ? : @ & = + $ , URI. : - _ . ! ~ * ' ( ) . "%" ( ). "%20" "%09" "&" "%26". "%" "%25". (+) RFCs ( %20 ) URIs . URI "". URI URI . "%7e" "~" URL HTTP URL HTTP. URIs US ASCII HTML 4.01 ( B.2) IETF RFC 3986 ( 2.5) : (1) UTF-8 (IETF RFC 3629)-- utf-8(7)-- (2) URI %HH . URI URIs ( "http://www.kernel.org") ( ) . : ( ) URI URI. . '' '' " " " " . "URL:" URI . URI . URIs ( ) URI ( ). URI ( "www" URI "http://" "ftp" "ftp://"). . . URI URL URI URIs ( ). URIs . (IETF RFC 2396) , (HTML 4.0) . URIs ( ) Linux ( ) man: info:. . URI. URI ( URL) . HTML text . Texinfo @uref{uri}. Man mdoc UR URI ( :// URI). GNOME KDE URIs . GNOME KDE GNOME KDE ( KDE ). KDE . KDE HTML . GNOME ghelp . file: URI . info: . GNOME KDE URI . . URI . URL . URL () . URL . URL . . URL . URL gopher SMTP. URL . URI ( CR LF telnet) . . URI . "userinfo" URI "password" . URI . ( /usr/doc /usr/local/doc /usr/share ). ZZZ ( ). file: ( ). URI ( "userdoc:") . file: . URIs. URI URI ( ) URI. lynx(1) man2html(1) mailaddr(7) utf-8(7) IETF RFC 2255 3 . . : . 6.18 8 2026 uri(7)