SYSUSERS.D(5) sysusers.d SYSUSERS.D(5) sysusers.d - /etc/sysusers.d/*.conf /run/sysusers.d/*.conf /usr/local/lib/sysusers.d/*.conf /usr/lib/sysusers.d/*.conf #Type Name ID GECOS Home directory Shell u user_name uid "User Description" /home/dir /path/to/shell u user_name uid:gid "User Description" /home/dir /path/to/shell u user_name /file/owned/by/user "User Description" /home/dir /path/to/shell g group_name gid g group_name /file/owned/by/group m user_name group_name r - lowest-highest systemd-sysusers sysusers.d . ( "") /etc/passwd /etc/group NIS LDAP. .conf -.conf. . /etc/sysusers.d /usr/lib/sysusers.d /run/sysusers.d. /run/sysusers.d /usr/lib/sysusers.d. /usr/lib/sysusers.d. /etc/sysusers.d . . . . /dev/null /etc/sysusers.d/ . GECOS : #Type Name ID GECOS Home directory Shell u! httpd 404 "HTTP User" u! _authd /usr/bin/authd "Authorization user" u! postgres - "Postgresql Database" /var/lib/pgsql /usr/libexec/postgresdb g input - - m _authd input u root 0 "Superuser" /root /bin/zsh r - 500-900 "#" . Type . : u . . . 215. u ("u!") . . . "u!" SSH . 257. g . u . . 215. m . . 215. r UIDs/GIDs UIDs GIDs . UIDs/GIDs . UIDs GIDs UID GID . 216. . a-z A-Z 0-9 "_" "-" a-z A-Z "_" ( "-" ). / 31 . / /[1]. . . m . r "-". u g UID GID 32 /. 65535 4294967295 . "-" UID/GID ( UID GID ). . UID/GID / . UID/GID ( SUID SGID). "uid:gid" "uid:groupname" . . "-" UID . m . r UID/GID "FROM-TO" ASCII. UID/GID ASCII. GECOS . . u ( "-") . . . u ( "-") . . systemd-sysusers . tmpfiles.d(5) . . /usr/sbin/nologin UID 0 /bin/sh. u ( "-") . /usr/sbin/nologin. "" "" "GECOS" " " "". . : 1. +-------------------+-----------------------------+--------------------------------+ | | | | +-------------------+-----------------------------+--------------------------------+ |"%a" | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | . | | | | x86 | | | | x86-64 arm64. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ConditionArchitecture= | | | | systemd.unit(5) | | | | | | | | | | | | . | +-------------------+-----------------------------+--------------------------------+ |"%A" | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | IMAGE_VERSION= | | | | /etc/os-release. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | . | | | | os-release(5) | | | | | | | | . | +-------------------+-----------------------------+--------------------------------+ |"%b" | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | . | | | | random(4) | | | | | | | | . | +-------------------+-----------------------------+--------------------------------+ |"%B" | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BUILD_ID= | | | | /etc/os-release. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | . | | | | os-release(5) | | | | | | | | . | +-------------------+-----------------------------+--------------------------------+ |"%H" | | | | | | | | | | . | +-------------------+-----------------------------+--------------------------------+ |"%l" | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | . | +-------------------+-----------------------------+--------------------------------+ |"%m" | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | . | | | | machine-id(5) | | | | | | | | . | +-------------------+-----------------------------+--------------------------------+ |"%M" | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | IMAGE_ID= | | | | /etc/os-release. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | . | | | | os-release(5) | | | | | | | | . | +-------------------+-----------------------------+--------------------------------+ |"%o" | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ID= | | | | /etc/os-release. | | | | os-release(5) | | | | | | | | . | +-------------------+-----------------------------+--------------------------------+ |"%q" | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | PRETTY_HOSTNAME= | | | | /etc/machine-info. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | . | | | | machine-info(5) | | | | | | | | . | +-------------------+-----------------------------+--------------------------------+ |"%T" | | /tmp | | | | | | | | | | | | "$TMPDIR" | | | | "$TEMP" "$TMP". | | | | ( | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | .) | +-------------------+-----------------------------+--------------------------------+ |"%v" | | | | | | uname | | | | -r. | +-------------------+-----------------------------+--------------------------------+ |"%V" | | /var/tmp | | | | | | | | | | | | "$TMPDIR" | | | | "$TEMP" "$TMP". | | | | ( | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | .) | +-------------------+-----------------------------+--------------------------------+ |"%w" | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | VERSION_ID= | | | | /etc/os-release. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | . | | | | os-release(5) | | | | | | | | . | +-------------------+-----------------------------+--------------------------------+ |"%W" | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | VARIANT_ID= | | | | /etc/os-release. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | . | | | | os-release(5) | | | | | | | | . | +-------------------+-----------------------------+--------------------------------+ |"%%" | | "%%" | | | | "%" | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | . | +-------------------+-----------------------------+--------------------------------+ systemd-sysusers sysusers.d . systemd(1), systemd-sysusers(8) 1. / https://systemd.io/USER_NAMES 3 . . : . systemd 260.2 SYSUSERS.D(5)