SYSTEMD.NETWORK(5) systemd.network SYSTEMD.NETWORK(5) systemd.network - network.network ini systemd-networkd(8). systemd.syntax(7) . .network . . .network systemd.link(5)) systemd.netdev(5)) .network . .network /usr/lib/systemd/network /usr/local/lib/systemd/network [1] /run/systemd/network /etc/systemd/network. . . "70" ( 10-eth0.network). .network systemd-network-generator.service(8) . /etc/ /run/ /usr/. . ( 0) /dev/null ( ""). foo.network "drop-in" foo.network.d/. ".conf" . . drop-in . /etc/systemd/network drop-in ".d" /usr/lib/systemd/network /run/systemd/network. drop-in /etc/ /run/ /usr/lib/. drop-in . [MATCH] [Match] [Network] . ( ) . udev ID_NET_MANAGED_BY= .network - "io.systemd.Network" - [Match] . systemd-networkd(8) [Match] . ID_NET_MANAGED_BY= . [Match]. [Match] systemd-networkd . : : Name=* : MACAddress= . : colon-delimited hexadecimal . : "12:34:56:78:90:ab" "AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF". 250. . : "12-34-56-78-90-ab" "AA-BB-CC-DD-EE-FF". 250. dot-delimited hexadecimal . : "1234.5678.90ab" "AABB.CCDD.EEFF". 250. IPv4 . "127.0.0.1" "192.168.0.1". 250. IPv6 . "2001:0db8:85a3::8a2e:0370:7334" "::1". 250. MAC 4 ( IPv4) 6 () 16 ( IPv6) 20 ( ). . . . 211. PermanentMACAddress= . MACAddress= MAC MAC . IPv4 IPv6. . . . 245. Path= (globs) udev ID_PATH. 211. Driver= (globs) udev ID_NET_DRIVER ethtool -i . "!" . 211. Type= (globs) networkctl list. "!" . "ether" "loopback" "wlan" "wwan". "DEVTYPE" udev "ARPHRD_" linux/if_arp.h . 211. Kind= (globs) networkctl status INTERFACE ip -d link show INTERFACE. "!" . "bond" "bridge" "gre" "tun" "veth". "IFLA_INFO_KIND" netlink . 251. Property= udev ("="). AND . "!" . . "\". : .link : Property=ID_MODEL_ID=9999 "ID_VENDOR_FROM_DATABASE=vendor name" "KEY=with \"quotation\"" .link . 243. Name= (shell-style globs) udev "INTERFACE" . "!" . 211. WLANInterfaceType= . "ad-hoc" "station" "ap" "ap-vlan" "wds" "monitor" "mesh-point" "p2p-client" "p2p-go" "p2p-device" "ocb" "nan". "!" . 244. SSID= SSID LAN . "!" . 244. BSSID= LAN . . MACAddress=. . . 244. Host= . ConditionHost= systemd.unit(5) . ("!") . . 211. Virtualization= . ConditionVirtualization= systemd.unit(5) . ("!") . . 211. KernelCommandLine= . ConditionKernelCommandLine= systemd.unit(5) . ("!") . . 211. KernelVersion= ( uname -r) . ConditionKernelVersion= systemd.unit(5) . ("!") . . 237. Version= . ConditionVersion= systemd.unit(5) . ("!") . . 258. Credential= systemd-udevd.service. [2] . ("!") . . 252. Architecture= . ConditionArchitecture= systemd.unit(5) . ("!") . . 211. Firmware= (firmware) . ConditionFirmware= systemd.unit(5) . ("!") . . 249. [LINK] [Link] : MACAddress= . 218. MTUBytes= . K M G 1024. IPv6 MTU 1280 ( MTU IPv6) . 218. ARP= . true ARP IPv4 ( ) NDP IPv6 ( ) . ARP MACVLAN VLAN /"" . IPv4 LinkLocalAddressing= IPv4 DuplicateAddressDetection=. . 232. Multicast= . true . . IPv6AcceptRA= IPv6SendRA=. 239. AllMulticast= . true . . . 239. Promiscuous= . true (promiscuous mode) . . false "passthru" MACVLAN/MACVTAP "nopromisc". 248. Unmanaged= . "yes" . "no". . 233. Group= . . 0 2147483647. . 246. RequiredForOnline= ( "carrier") ( "degraded:routable"). networkctl(1) . "yes" ( systemd-networkd-wait-online). "no" . systemd-networkd-wait-online . "yes" ActivationPolicy= "up" "always-up" "bound". "no" ActivationPolicy= "manual" "down". "no" ActivationPolicy= "always-down". ( ActivationPolicy=) DHCP systemd-networkd-wait-online "RequiredForOnline=no". "yes" CAN "carrier" 256. bond bridge "degraded-carrier" RequiredFamilyForOnline=any 256. (Bonding) "enslaved" 256. "degraded". 236. systemd-networkd-wait-online. systemd-networkd-wait-online.service(8) . 236. RequiredFamilyForOnline= . IP ( systemd-networkd-wait-online). "ipv4" "ipv6" "both" "any". "no". "RequiredForOnline=no". 249. ActivationPolicy= systemd-networkd . systemd-networkd "IFF_UP" ip link set dev eth0 up ip link set dev eth0 down networkctl up eth0 networkctl down eth0. "up" "always-up" "manual" "always-down" "down" "bound". "manual" systemd-networkd . "up" () "always-up" "down" "always-down" systemd-networkd . "always-up" "always-down" systemd-networkd systemd-networkd . BindCarrier= "bound" . "down" "manual" RequiredForOnline= "no". "always-down" RequiredForOnline= "no". (carrier state) "always-up" . . "always-up" IgnoreCarrierLoss= true. 248. [SR-IOV] SR-IOV PCI PCI (VM). (VFs) SR-IOV (north-south) ( ) . [SR-IOV] .link . .network . [SR-IOV] SR-IOVs. [SR-IOV] . VirtualFunction= (VF) PCIe . 0 2147483646. . 251. VLANId= VLAN . 1 4095. 251. QualityOfService= (QoS) . 1 4294967294. 251. VLANProtocol= VLAN . "802.1Q" "802.1ad". 251. MACSpoofCheck= . MAC. . 251. QueryReceiveSideScaling= . (RSS) (VF). RSS VF RSS VF (PF). . 251. Trust= . (VF). VF / . . 251. LinkState= (VF). "auto". "auto" (PF) "yes" VF PF "no" VF. (kernel). 251. MACAddress= MAC . 251. [NETWORK] [Network] : Description= . . 211. DHCP= DHCPv4 / DHCPv6. "yes" "no" "ipv4" "ipv6". "no". DHCPv6 (Router Advertisements) . DHCPv6 DHCPv6 WithoutRA= [DHCPv6] . IPv6AcceptRA=. DHCP . UseDomains= . [DHCPv4] [DHCPv6] DHCP. 211. DHCPServer= . "yes" DHCPv4. "no". DHCP [DHCPServer] . DHCP / (leases) RelayTarget= PersistLeases=no/runtime [DHCPServer]. systemd-networkd-persistent-storage.service networkctl persistent-storage yes. networkctl(1) . 215. LinkLocalAddressing= . ipv4 ipv6. IPv6 yes ipv6. IPv4 yes ipv4 DHCPv4 . ( IPv4 DHCPv4). no KeepMaster= Bridge= MACVLAN=/MACVTAP= Mode=passthru ipv6 . IPv4 ARP= . 219. IPv6LinkLocalAddressGenerationMode= IPv6 . "eui64" "none" "stable-privacy" "random". "stable-privacy" IPv6StableSecretAddress= "eui64". LinkLocalAddressing= "no" "ipv4" IPv6LinkLocalAddressGenerationMode=. LinkLocalAddressing= "yes" "ipv6" IPv6LinkLocalAddressGenerationMode=none IPv6 . 246. IPv6StableSecretAddress= IPv6. IPv6 . IPv6LinkLocalAddressGenerationMode= IPv6LinkLocalAddressGenerationMode=stable-privacy. "stable-privacy" IPv6LinkLocalAddressGenerationMode= . 249. IPv4LLStartAddress= IPv4 . IPv4 169.254.1.2 : 169.254.0.0/16 169.254.0.0/24 169.254.255.0/24. . . . 252. IPv4LLRoute= . true IPv4LL IPv4LL . false. 216. DefaultRouteOnDevice= . true IPv4 . false. (point-to-point). ip route add default dev veth99 [Route] Gateway=0.0.0.0 . : [Route] Gateway=0.0.0.0 Table=1234 IPv6 : [Route] Gateway=:: Table=1234 243. LLMNR= "resolve". true [3] . "resolve" . true. systemd-resolved.service(8) . 216. MulticastDNS= "resolve". true (Multicast DNS)[4] . "resolve" . false. systemd-resolved.service(8) . 229. DNSOverTLS= "opportunistic". true TLS (DNS-over-TLS)[5] . "opportunistic" DNS-over-TLS DNS-over-TLS . DNSOverTLS= resolved.conf(5). . systemd-resolved.service(8) . 239. DNSSEC= (boolean) "allow-downgrade". (true) DNS DNSSEC[6] . "allow-downgrade" DNSSEC DNSSEC . DNSSEC= resolved.conf(5). . systemd-resolved.service(8). 229. DNSSECNegativeTrustAnchors= DNSSEC. DNSSEC DNS . DNSSEC DNS . . systemd-resolved.service(8). 229. LLDP= Ethernet LLDP. LLDP . "routers-only". LLDP LLDP. "routers-only" LLDP LLDP ( ). (false) LLDP. "routers-only". networkctl(1) . LLDP Ethernet. EmitLLDP= LLDP . 219. EmitLLDP= Ethernet LLDP. "nearest-bridge" "non-tpmr-bridge" "customer-bridge". false LLDP. LLDP . LLDP ( machine-id(5)) ( machine-info(5)). LLDP Ethernet. . . LLDP. "nearest-bridge" "non-tpmr-bridge" MAC (Two-Port MAC Relays) "customer-bridge" . IEEE 802.1AB-2016[7]. true "nearest-bridge" . LLDP= LLDP. 230. BindCarrier= . . (down) . (carrier) . ActivationPolicy= "bound". 220. Address= IPv4 IPv6 "/". . inet_pton(3). [Address] Address ( ). . "0.0.0.0" ( IPv4) "::" ( IPv6) . 8 IPv4 64 IPv6. . 192.168.0.0/16 172.16.0.0/12 10.0.0.0/8 IPv4 fd00::/8 IPv6. . IPv4 (169.254.0.0/16) IPv4 (RFC 5227[8]) . IPv4 IPv4 [Address] DuplicateAddressDetection=. [Address] Address=169.254.10.1/24 DuplicateAddressDetection=none [Network] [Address]. 211. Gateway= inet_pton(3). [Route] Gateway=. . [Network] [Route]. 211. DNS= DNS inet_pton(3). . ":" "%" (SNI) "#". IPv6 . "111.222.333.444:9953%ifname#example.com" IPv4 "[1111:2222::3333]:9953%ifname#example.com" IPv6. . systemd-resolved.service(8). 211. UseDomains= [IPv6AcceptRA] [DHCPv4] [DHCPv6] . route. [DHCPv4] . . 256. Domains= DNS . ("~"). " ". " " ( ) (FQDNs). . "" " " DNS: ( " ") DNS . (multi-homed) DNS DNS . " " "~." ( DNS DNS ) . DNS DNS . DNS . systemd-resolved.service(8). " " domain search resolv.conf(5). glibc . 216. DNSDefaultRoute= . DNS Domains= . DNS . : . 240. NTP= NTP ( IP ). . systemd-timesyncd.service(8). 216. IPv4Forwarding= IPv4 . . sysctl net.ipv4.conf.INTERFACE.forwarding . IP Sysctl[9] sysctl. true IPMasquerade= IPv4 networkd.conf(5). sysctl. networkd.conf(5). 256. IPv6Forwarding= / . . sysctl net.ipv6.conf.INTERFACE.forwarding . IP Sysctl[9] sysctl. true IPMasquerade= IPv6 IPv6SendRA= networkd.conf(5). sysctl. networkd.conf(5). IPv4Forwarding= IPv6Forwarding= IPv6 . sysctl sysctl . IPv6 networkd.conf(5). 256. IPMasquerade= IP (IP masquerading) . . (downstream) . "ipv4" "ipv6" "both" "no". "no". "yes" "true" . . "ipv4" "both" IPv4Forwarding= .network networkd.conf(5) . IPv6Forwarding= "ipv6" "both". IPv4Forwarding=/IPv6Forwarding= networkd.conf(5) . 219. IPv6PrivacyExtensions= ( RFC 4941[10] IPv6). "prefer-public" "kernel". . "prefer-public" . . "kernel" . networkd.conf(5) "no". 222. IPv6AcceptRA= . IPv6 (RA) . (RAs) . DHCPv6 . (bond) IPv6 ( LinkLocalAddressing=) ( Multicast=). . Multicast= . IPv6SendRA= IPv6Forwarding= IPMasquerade= . IPv6Forwarding= IPMasquerade= . IPv6Forwarding= IPMasquerade= . . IPv6 RA [IPv6AcceptRA] . IP Sysctl[9] "accept_ra" systemd 1 ( ) 2. IPv6 RA . IPv6 RA systemd-networkd . 231. IPv6DuplicateAddressDetection= IPv6 (DAD) . . 228. IPv6HopLimit= (Hop Limit) IPv6. 1...255. 1. . . 228. IPv6RetransmissionTimeSec= IPv6. (Neighbor Solicitation) . . . . 256. IPv4DuplicateAddressDetectionTimeoutSec= IPv4 (RFC 5227). 1 60 . 57% (4/7) 100% . 200 . 258. IPv4ReversePathFilter= IPv4. IPv4 . . "no" "strict" "loose". "no" . "strict" (FIB) . . "loose" (FIB). . RFC 3704[11]. . 255. MulticastIGMPVersion= IPv4 Multicast IGMP /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/INTERFACE/force_igmp_version. "no" "v1" "v2" "v3". "no" IGMP. IGMPv1/v2 systemd-networkd IGMPv3 IGMPv1/v2 Querier Present. "v1" IGMP 1. IGMPv1 IGMPv2/v3. "v2" IGMP 2. IGMPv2 IGMPv2/v3. systemd-networkd IGMPv1 IGMPv1. "v3" IGMP 3 "no". -- sysctl. 257. IPv4AcceptLocal= . . . . 246. IPv4RouteLocalnet= . (loopback) (martian) . 127.0.0.0/8 . . 248. IPv4ProxyARP= . ARP IPv4. ARP (Proxy ARP) ARP . "" "". RFC 1027[11]. . 233. IPv4ProxyARPPrivateVLAN= . ARP VLAN (private VLAN) IPv4 VLAN VLAN MAC (MAC-forced forwarding). ARP ARP . RFC 3069[12]. . 256. IPv6ProxyNDP= . NDP IPv6. NDP ( ) IPv6 . (Neighbour Advertisement) MAC . ARP IPv4 IPv6 ip -6 neighbour show proxy. systemd-networkd `proxy_ndp` . . 234. IPv6ProxyNDPAddress= IPv6 (Neighbour Advertisement). . systemd-networkd IPv6ProxyNDPAddress= IPv6 . IPv6ProxyNDP=yes IPv6ProxyNDP= false. . 233. IPv6SendRA= (Router Advertisement) . . [IPv6Prefix] [IPv6RoutePrefix] [IPv6SendRA]. DHCPPrefixDelegation= . DHCPPrefixDelegation= [IPv6SendRA] [IPv6Prefix] [IPv6RoutePrefix] [DHCPPrefixDelegation] . IPv6Forwarding= . IPv6Forwarding= . 247. DHCPPrefixDelegation= . DHCPv6 6RD DHCPv4. IPv6 IPv6SendRA= . [DHCPPrefixDelegation]. . 250. IPv6MTUBytes= (MTU) IPv6. 1280 . . 239. MPLSRouting= (MPLS) . /proc/sys/net/mpls/conf/INTERFACE/input. . . systemd-networkd MPLS. mpls_router systemd-networkd.service. modules-load.d(5). 258. KeepMaster= . (master) BatmanAdvanced= Bond= Bridge= VRF=. netdev systemd-nspawn(1). false. 250. BatmanAdvanced= Bond= Bridge= VRF= B.A.T.M.A.N. Advanced bond bridge VRF . systemd.netdev(5). 211. IPoIB= IPVLAN= IPVTAP= MACsec= MACVLAN= MACVTAP= Tunnel= VLAN= VXLAN= Xfrm= IPoIB IPVLAN IPVTAP MACsec MACVLAN MACVTAP (tunnel) VLAN VXLAN Xfrm . systemd.netdev(5). . 211. ActiveSlave= . . "ActiveSlave=" : "active-backup" "balance-alb" "balance-tlb". false. 235. PrimarySlave= . . . (off-line). . "PrimarySlave=" : "active-backup" "balance-alb" "balance-tlb". false. 235. ConfigureWithoutCarrier= . systemd-networkd (carrier). false. IgnoreCarrierLoss= . "configured" ( systemd-networkd-wait-online ) DHCP= IPv6AcceptRA= ( ). DuplicateAddressDetection= ( IPv4 IPv6) . "configuring" systemd-networkd-wait-online . RequiredForOnline=no-carrier systemd-networkd-wait-online . 235. IgnoreCarrierLoss= (timespan). systemd-networkd . systemd-networkd . systemd-networkd . 0 "no" "infinite" "yes". : o SSID. o (bond) . o (driver) MTU. Bond= 3 . DHCPv4 UseMTU= [DHCPv4] 5 . ConfigureWithoutCarrier=. ActivationPolicy= "always-up" "yes" . 242. KeepConfiguration= "static" "dynamic-on-stop" "dynamic". "static" systemd-networkd . "dynamic-on-stop" DHCPv4 DHCPv6 SLAAC IPv4 systemd-networkd. "dynamic" DHCPv4. DHCP . "dynamic" "dynamic-on-stop" "yes" "dynamic" "static". "dynamic-on-stop" systemd-networkd initrd "yes" "no" . 257. [ADDRESS] [Address] . [Address] . Address= [Network]. . [Address] Address= . 211. Peer= . Address=. 216. Broadcast= IPv4 . inet_pton(3). true IPv4 Address=. false . true wireguard false. 211. Label= IPv4. ASCII 7 1...15 . . 211. PreferredLifetime= " " . : "forever" "infinity" "0" " " . PreferredLifetime=0 . 230. Scope= "global" ( ) "link" ( ) "host" ( 127.0.0.1) 0...255. "global". IPv4 - IPv6 . 235. RouteMetric= IP . 0...4294967295. 0 . AddPrefixRoute= false. 246. HomeAddress= . " " RFC 6275[13]. IPv6 . false. 232. DuplicateAddressDetection= "ipv4" "ipv6" "both" "none". "ipv4" IPv4. RFC 5227[8]. "ipv6" IPv6. RFC 4862[14]. "ipv4" IPv4 (169.254.0.0/16) "ipv6" IPv6 "none" . ARP= . 232. ManageTemporaryAddress= . true RFC 3041[15]. sysctl use_tempaddr . 64. . false. 232. AddPrefixRoute= . true . true. 245. AutoJoin= . ip maddr IGMP IGMP . vxlan ip link add vxlan netdev vxlan systemd-networkd . ip address "autojoin" openvswitch (OVS) vxlan . "no". 232. NetLabel=label Linux NetLabel[16] Linux Security Modules (LSMs)[17] . LSM ( ) . SELinux . NetLabel netlabelctl(8) systemd-networkd . SELinux . NetLabel . LSM. IP NetLabel Fallback Peer Labeling[18]. . . LSM . LSM . netlabelctl(8). : [Address] NetLabel=system_u:object_r:localnet_peer_t:s0 "eth0" IPv4 10.0.0.123/8 systemd-networkd netlabelctl netlabelctl unlbl add interface eth0 address:10.0.0.0/8 label:system_u:object_r:localnet_peer_t:s0 IPv4. LSM SELinux SELinux "peer" SELinux. : type localnet_peer_t; allow my_server_t localnet_peer_t:peer recv; ( ) "my_server_t" ( ) 10.0.0.0/8 "eth0". 252. NFTSet=source:family:table:set NFT[19]. ( ) NFT. . IP DHCP . NFT. ( "address" "prefix" "ifindex") NFT ( "arp" "bridge" "inet" "ip" "ip6" "netdev") . NFT. NFT ("address" "prefix" "ifindex") (IPv4 IPv6) . 1. source type +-------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | | | | | | NFT | | | | | +-------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ |"address" | IP | "ipv4_addr" | | | | "ipv6_addr" | +-------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ |"prefix" | network prefix | "ipv4_addr" | | | | "ipv6_addr" | | | | "flags interval" | +-------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ |"ifindex" | | "iface_index" | | | | | +-------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ IP NFT. . systemd-networkd ( ) NFT . . : [Address] NFTSet=prefix:netdev:filter:eth_ipv4_prefix NFT : table netdev filter { set eth_ipv4_prefix { type ipv4_addr flags interval } chain eth_ingress { type filter hook ingress device "eth0" priority filter; policy drop; ip daddr != @eth_ipv4_prefix drop accept } } 255. [NEIGHBOR] [Neighbor] . (IPv6) ARP (IPv4) . [Neighbor] . Address= IP . 240. LinkLayerAddress= ( MAC IP) . 243. [IPV6ADDRESSLABEL] [IPv6AddressLabel] . [IPv6AddressLabel] . IPv6 . RFC 3484[20]. . Label= . 0...4294967294 (0xfffffffe). 4294967295 (0xffffffff) . . 234. Prefix= IPv6 "/". . 234. [ROUTINGPOLICYRULE] [RoutingPolicyRule] . [RoutingPolicyRule] . TypeOfService= (ToS) 0...255. ( 3 ) ToS ( 3 ). (DSCP) ( 6 ) (ECN) ( ). Type of Service[21] Differentiated services[22] . 235. From= . . 235. To= . . 235. FirewallMark= iptables ( 0...4294967295). ( 0...4294967295) ("/") "7/255". . 235. Table= . "default" "main" "local" RouteTable= networkd.conf(5) 1 4294967295. "main". L3MasterDevice= true. 235. Priority= . Priority= 0...4294967295. . . 235. GoTo= "goto". 1...4294967295. Priority=. Type=goto . Type=goto. 257. IncomingInterface= . (loopback) . 236. OutgoingInterface= . . 236. L3MasterDevice= . ( VRF). Virtual Routing and Forwarding (VRF)[23]. false. 256. SourcePort= IP IP (FIB). . . 240. DestinationPort= IP IP (FIB). . . 240. IPProtocol= IP (FIB). IP "tcp" "udp" "sctp" IP "6" "tcp" "17" "udp". . 240. InvertRule= . . false. 240. Family= "ipv4" "ipv6" "both". To= From=. To= From= "ipv4". 243. User= . . 245. SuppressPrefixLength= N 0...128 N . . 245. SuppressInterfaceGroup= 0...2147483647 . suppress_ifgroup ip rule. . 250. Type= (RPDB). "table" "goto" "nop" "blackhole" "unreachable" "prohibit". "goto" GoTo=. "table". 248. [NEXTHOP] [NextHop] " " (nexthop) . [NextHop] . [NextHop] . Id= . 1...4294967295. ManageForeignNextHops=no networkd.conf(5). . 244. Gateway= [Network]. 244. Family= "ipv4" "ipv6". Gateway=. Gateway= "ipv4". 248. OnLink= . true ( ) . "no". 248. Blackhole= . Gateway=. "no". 248. Group= . 1...4294967295. ("id[:weight]"). 1...255. 1. Gateway= Family= Blackhole=. . . . 249. [ROUTE] [Route] . [Route] . Gateway= "_dhcp4" "_ipv6ra". "_dhcp4" "_ipv6ra" DHCPv4 IPv6 (IPv6 RA). "_dhcp4" DHCPv4 PreferredSource=. 211. GatewayOnLink= (boolean). true ( ) . "no". 234. Destination= . . . 211. Source= . . . 218. Metric= . 0 4294967295. . 216. IPv6Preference= RFC 4191[24] . : "low" "medium" "high" . 234. Scope= IPv4 "global" "site" "link" "host" "nowhere": o "global" . o "site" . o "link" ( ). o "host" ( 127.0.0.1). o "nowhere" . IPv4 "host" Type= "local" "nat" "link" Type= "broadcast" "multicast" "anycast" "unicast". "global". IPv6. 219. PreferredSource= . "no" inet_pton(3). Gateway=_dhcp4 DHCPv4 . . "no" Gateway=_dhcp4 . 227. Table= . "default" "main" "local" RouteTable= networkd.conf(5) 1 4294967295. ip route show table num. Type= "local" "broadcast" "anycast" "nat" "local". "main". 230. HopLimit= . 1 255. IPv6HopLimit=. 255. Protocol= . 0 255 "kernel" "boot" "static" "ra" "dhcp". "static". 234. Type= . "unicast" "local" "broadcast" "anycast" "multicast" "blackhole" "unreachable" "prohibit" "throw" "nat" "xresolve". "unicast" . "blackhole" . "unreachable" ICMP "Host Unreachable". "prohibit" ICMP "Communication Administratively Prohibited". "throw" (RPDB). "unicast". 235. InitialCongestionWindow= TCP TCP. TCP . 1 1023. 100 . ( 10). 237. InitialAdvertisedReceiveWindow= TCP () . . 1 1023. 100 . . 237. QuickAck= . true (quick ACK) TCP . . 237. FastOpenNoCookie= . true TCP (fastopen) . . 243. MTUBytes= (MTU) . K M G 1024. 239. TCPAdvertisedMaximumSegmentSize= (Path MSS) TCP. K M G 1024. 1 4294967294. . 248. TCPCongestionControlAlgorithm= TCP . "bbr" "dctcp" "vegas". . 252. TCPRetransmissionTimeoutSec= TCP (RTO) . . TCP . . 255. MultiPathRoute= . . / ( "@"). . 1 256 . . . : MultiPathRoute=10.0.0.1@eth0 20 MultiPathRoute=192.168.1.1 50 MultiPathRoute=@wg0 15 MultiPathRoute=2001:db8::1@eth0 245. NextHop= (nexthop id). 1 4294967295. [NextHop] . . 248. [DHCPV4] [DHCPv4] DHCPv4 DHCP= : RequestAddress= IPv4. IP ( 50) DHCPDISCOVER DHCP. . 255. SendHostname= true ( ) ( Hostname= ) DHCP. ASCII 7 DNS . DHCP 12 ( RFC 2132[25]) (FQDN) DHCP 81 ( FQDN RFC 4702[26]). true. 215. Hostname= DHCP . ASCII 7 DNS . (FQDNs) SendHostname= . 223. MUDURL= URL (MUD) DHCPv4. URL 255 . URL . DHCPv4 URL MUD . RFC 8520[27]. MUD IETF (IoT) . . 246. ClientIdentifier= DHCPv4 . mac duid. mac MAC . duid RFC4361 IAID DUID. IAID IAID=. DUID DUIDType= DUIDRawData=. Anonymize= mac . networkd.conf(5). 220. VendorClassIdentifier= . 216. UserClass= DHCPv4 UserClass . . DHCP . . 239. DUIDType= DUIDType= . networkd.conf(5) . 230. DUIDRawData= DUIDRawData= . networkd.conf(5) . 230. IAID= DHCP (IAID) 32 . 230. RapidCommit= . DHCPv4 DHCPv4 ( ). (rapid commit) DHCPv4 DHCPv4 . ( ). . RFC 4039[28] . true Anonymize=no AllowList= DenyList= false . 255. Anonymize= . true DHCP RFC 7844[29] ( DHCP) . false. true MACAddressPolicy= random ( systemd.link(5)). true ClientIdentifier=mac RapidCommit=no SendHostname=no Use6RD=no UseCaptivePortal=no UseMTU=no UseNTP=no UseSIP=no UseTimezone=no .network . Hostname= MUDURL= RequestAddress= RequestOptions= SendOption= SendVendorOption= UserClass= VendorClassIdentifier= . DHCP Microsoft Windows . DHCP . 235. RequestOptions= DHCPv4. 1 254. . 244. SendOption= DHCPv4. DHCP ("option:type:value"). 1 254. "uint8" "uint16" "uint32" "ipv4address" "string". (C-style escapes)[30]. . . . 244. SendVendorOption= DHCPv4. DHCP ("option:type:value"). 1 254. "uint8" "uint16" "uint32" "ipv4address" "string". (C-style escapes)[30]. . . . 246. IPServiceType= "none" "CS6" "CS4". "none" IP DHCPv4. "CS6" ( ) "CS4" ( ) . "CS6". 244. SocketPriority= SO_PRIORITY IP DHCPv4 . . 0 6. SO_PRIORITY socket(7). EgressQOSMaps= [VLAN] .netdev VLAN 802.1Q systemd.netdev(5). 253. BOOTP= . DHCPv4 BOOTP DHCP. (off). 258. Label= IPv4 DHCP. ASCII 7 1 15 . . 250. UseDNS= true ( ) DNS DHCP. nameserver resolv.conf(5). 211. RoutesToDNS= true DNS DHCP. UseDNS= . true. 243. UseNTP= true ( ) systemd-timesyncd.service NTP DHCP. 220. RoutesToNTP= true NTP DHCP. UseNTP= . true. 249. UseSIP= true ( ) SIP DHCP . 244. UseCaptivePortal= true ( ) DHCP networkctl(1) . 254. UseDNR= true DHCP DNS . RFC 9463[31]. UseDNS=. 257. UseMTU= true (MTU) DHCP . MTUBytes= . false. (MTU). IgnoreCarrierLoss= "3 seconds". 211. UseHostname= true ( ) DHCP . 211. UseDomains= route. true DHCP DNS Domains=. route DHCP DNS Domains= "~". [Network]. [DHCPv4] networkd.conf(5). [Network] networkd.conf(5). "no". . . true domain resolv.conf(5). 216. UseRoutes= true ( ) DHCP 1024 global link host . 127.x.x.x host. ( ) link. global. 215. RouteMetric= DHCP ( ). 0 4294967295. 1024. 217. RouteTable=num DHCP. "default" "main" "local" RouteTable= networkd.conf(5) 1...4294967295. VRF= VRF . 232. RouteMTUBytes= (MTU) DHCP. [Route] . 245. QuickAck= . (quick ACK) TCP DHCPv4 . . 253. InitialCongestionWindow= [Route]. 255. InitialAdvertisedReceiveWindow= [Route]. 255. UseGateway= DHCP (Router) . UseRoutes=. UseRoutes= . RFC 3442[32]. 246. UseTimezone= DHCP . . 226. Use6RD= IPv6 (downstream) DHCPPrefixDelegation=. DHCPPrefixDelegation= [Network] [DHCPPrefixDelegation] RFC 5969[33]. . 250. UnassignedSubnetPolicy= "none" : "unreachable" "prohibit" "blackhole" "throw". 6RD . "unreachable" unreachable 2001:db8::/56 dev lo proto dhcp metric 1024 pref medium . RFC 7084[34]. "none" . . "unreachable". 257. IPv6OnlyMode= DHCPv4 DHCP IPv4 IPv6 . RFC 8925[35]. . 255. FallbackLeaseLifetimeSec= DHCPv4 DHCPv4 . "forever" "infinity". . . 246. RequestBroadcast= IP. RAW IP. . 216. MaxAttempts= DHCPv4. "infinity". "infinity". . . 243. ListenPort= DHCP. 233. ServerPort= DHCP. 256. DenyList= IPv4 . "/". DHCP . AllowList= DenyList=. DHCP RapidCommit=. RapidCommit= . 246. AllowList= IPv4 . "/". DHCP . DHCP RapidCommit=. RapidCommit= . 246. SendRelease= DHCPv4 DHCP . . 243. SendDecline= . systemd-networkd IPv4 DHCPv4. DHCPv4 DHCPDECLINE DHCP IP . RFC 5227[8]. . 245. NetLabel= NetLabel DHCP NetLabel= [Address] . NetLabel= [Address] . 252. NFTSet= NFT DHCP NFTSet= [Address] . NFTSet= [Address] . "address" "prefix" NFT "ipv4_addr". 255. [DHCPV6] [DHCPv6] DHCPv6 DHCP= IPv6: MUDURL=, IAID=, DUIDType=, DUIDRawData=, RequestOptions= [DHCPv4]. 246. SendOption= [DHCPv4] DHCPv6 16 1...65536. 246. SendVendorOption= DHCPv6. DHCP ("enterprise identifier:option:type:value"). 1...4294967294. 1...254. "uint8" "uint16" "uint32" "ipv4address" "ipv6address" "string". C[30]. . . . 246. UserClass= DHCPv6 User Class . . DHCP . C[30]. . . . NUL . 246. VendorClass= DHCPv6 VendorClass . . . 246. PrefixDelegationHint= IPv6 Address= [Network]. DHCPv6 DHCPv6 . 1...128. . 244. UnassignedSubnetPolicy= "none" : "unreachable" "prohibit" "blackhole" "throw". . "unreachable" unreachable 2001:db8::/56 dev lo proto dhcp metric 1024 pref medium . RFC 7084[34]. "none" . . "unreachable". 257. RapidCommit= . DHCPv6 DHCPv6 ( ). (rapid commit) DHCPv6 DHCPv6 . ( ). . RFC 3315[36] . . 252. SendHostname= () ( Hostname= ) DHCPv6. ASCII 7 DNS . . 255. Hostname= DHCPv6 . ASCII 7 DNS . 255. UseAddress= () IP DHCPv6. 248. UseCaptivePortal= () DHCPv6 networkctl(1) . 254. UseDelegatedPrefix= () DHCPv6 . DHCPPrefixDelegation=yes. DHCPPrefixDelegation= [Network] [DHCPPrefixDelegation] RFC 8415[37]. 250. UseDNS=, UseDNR=, UseNTP=, UseSIP=, UseHostname=, UseDomains=, NetLabel=, SendRelease= [DHCPv4]. 243. NFTSet= NFT DHCP NFTSet= [Address] . NFTSet= [Address] . "address" "prefix" NFT "ipv6_addr". 255. WithoutRA= DHCPv6 "managed" "other configuration". "no" "solicit" "information-request". "solicit" DHCPPrefixDelegation= UplinkInterface=:self [DHCPPrefixDelegation]. "no" DHCPv6 RA. DHCPv6Client= [IPv6AcceptRA]. 246. [DHCPPREFIXDELEGATION] [DHCPPrefixDelegation] DHCPv6 DHCPv4 6RD . DHCPPrefixDelegation= [Network]. UplinkInterface= (uplink) ":self" ":auto". ":self" WithoutRA=solicit . ":auto" DHCPv6 DHCPv4. ":auto". 250. SubnetId= (). "auto" () ( RFC 4291[38] 2.5.4) 0 0x7fffffffffffffff . 246. Announce= . IPv6SendRA= [Network] IPv6. DHCPPrefixDelegation= (upstream). . 247. Assign= . WAN DHCPv6. ( LAN) EUI-64 . Token= . . 246. Token= . Token= [IPv6AcceptRA]. Assign= . EUI-64. 246. ManageTemporaryAddress= [Address] . 248. RouteMetric= (metric) . 0...4294967295. 0 . 256. 249. NetLabel= NetLabel DHCP NetLabel= [Address] . NetLabel= [Address] . 252. NFTSet= NFT DHCP NFTSet= [Address] . NFTSet= [Address] . "address" "prefix" NFT "ipv6_addr". 255. [IPV6ACCEPTRA] [IPv6AcceptRA] (RA) IPv6 IPv6AcceptRA= : UseRedirect= () (Redirect) . 256. Token= (SLAAC). : eui64 EUI-64 . InfiniBand. 250. static: IPv6 (":") (RA) . RA RA . SLAAC EUI-64. ( ) . IPv6 "static". 250. prefixstable[:][,UUID] RFC 7217[39] . IPv6 (":"). IPv6 RA . (UUID) sd_id128_from_string() "86b123b969ba4b7eb8b3d8605123525a" "86b123b9-69ba-4b7e-b8b3-d8605123525a". UUID . (machine-ID) . sd-id128(3) sd_id128_from_string(3) sd_id128_get_machine(3). "prefixstable" MAC (hash) () RA. 250. ( ) "prefixstable" EUI-64 InfiniBand "prefixstable" . . . : Token=eui64 Token=::1a:2b:3c:4d Token=static:::1a:2b:3c:4d Token=prefixstable Token=prefixstable:2002:da8:1:: 250. UseDNS= () DNS . nameserver resolv.conf(5). 231. UseDNR= DNR . UseDNS=. 257. UseDomains= "route". (RA) IPv6 DNS Domains=. "route" IPv6 RA DNS Domains= "~". . . . true domain resolv.conf(5). 231. RouteTable=num . "default" "main" "local" RouteTable= networkd.conf(5) 1...4294967295. VRF= VRF . 232. RouteMetric= . 0...4294967295 ":" ("high:medium:low"). "512:1024:2048". 249. QuickAck= . (quick ACK) TCP (RAs) . . 253. UseMTU= . (MTU) . . 250. UseHopLimit= (boolean). (true) (hop limit) (Router Advertisement) . IPv6HopLimit=. (true). 255. UseReachableTime= (boolean). (true) (reachable time) (Router Advertisement) . (neighbor entry). (true). 256. UseRetransmissionTime= (boolean). (true) (retransmission time) (Router Advertisement) . (Neighbor Solicitation) . (true). 256. UseGateway= ( ) . 250. UseRoutePrefix= ( ) (Router Advertisement). 250. UseCaptivePortal= () (captive portal) networkctl(1) . 254. UsePREF64= IPv6 PREF64 ( NAT64) networkctl(1) . RFC 8781[40]. (false). 255. UseAutonomousPrefix= ( ) (autonomous prefix) . 242. UseOnLinkPrefix= ( ) (onlink prefix) . 242. RouterDenyList= IPv6. "/". . 248. RouterAllowList= IPv6. "/". . RouterAllowList= RouterDenyList=. 248. PrefixDenyList= IPv6. "/". IPv6 . 248. PrefixAllowList= IPv6. "/". IPv6 . PrefixAllowList= PrefixDenyList=. 248. RouteDenyList= IPv6. "/". IPv6 . 248. RouteAllowList= IPv6. "/". IPv6 . RouteAllowList= RouteDenyList=. 248. DHCPv6Client= "always". DHCPv6 "solicit" (RA) "managed" "information-request" "managed" "other configuration". "always" DHCPv6 "solicit" "managed" "other configuration" . WithoutRA= [DHCPv6] UplinkInterface=:self [DHCPPrefixDelegation]. (true). 246. NetLabel= NetLabel (RA) NetLabel= [Address] . NetLabel= [Address] . 252. NFTSet= NFT (RA) NFTSet= [Address] . NFTSet= [Address] . "address" "prefix" NFT "ipv6_addr". 255. [DHCPSERVER] [DHCPServer] DHCP DHCPServer= : ServerAddress= DHCP. IPv4 "192.168.0.1/24". IPv4 [Network] [Address] . DHCP IPv4 . Address= [Network] [Address] . [Network] DHCPServer=yes Address=192.168.0.1/24 Address=192.168.0.2/24 [DHCPServer] ServerAddress=192.168.0.1/24 [Network] DHCPServer=yes [Address] Address=192.168.0.1/24 [Address] Address=192.168.0.2/24 [DHCPServer] ServerAddress=192.168.0.1/24 : [Network] DHCPServer=yes Address=192.168.0.2/24 [DHCPServer] ServerAddress=192.168.0.1/24 255 Address= [Network] [Address] (null) "0.0.0.0/24" . Address= [Network] . 249. PoolOffset=, PoolSize= (pool) . IP . PoolOffset= . PoolSize= IP . . ( ) . 226. DefaultLeaseTimeSec=, MaxLeaseTimeSec= (lease) DHCP . . . . (1h) 12 (12h). DHCP . DHCP . 226. UplinkInterface= (uplink) ":none" ":auto". DNS NTP SIP . ":auto" . ":none" . ":auto". 249. EmitDNS=, DNS= EmitDNS= . DHCP DNS. "yes". DNS DNS= IPv4 "_server_address" DHCP. EmitDNS= " " . " " . DNS . DNS /etc/resolv.conf. . DNS DHCP MaxLeaseTimeSec= . . DNS . 226. EmitNTP=, NTP=, EmitSIP=, SIP=, EmitPOP3=, POP3=, EmitSMTP=, SMTP=, EmitLPR=, LPR= EmitDNS= DNS= DHCP. EmitDNS= DNS=. 226. EmitRouter=, Router= EmitRouter= DHCP . Router= IPv4 . Router= . EmitRouter= Router=. EmitRouter= (true) Router= . 230. EmitTimezone=, Timezone= . DHCP . "yes". Timezone= ( "Europe/Berlin" "UTC") . /etc/localtime. 226. EmitDomain= . DHCP ( DHCP 15). "no". 259. Domain= ( "example.com") DHCP. DNS DHCP. DHCP DNS . EmitDomain=yes Domain= (FQDN) . "host.example.com" "example.com" . ( "host") DHCP. . 259. BootServerAddress= IPv4 PXE . siaddr DHCP. RFC 2131[41] . . 251. BootServerName= PXE . DHCP 66 ("TFTP server name"). RFC 2132[42] . . BootServerName= BootServerAddress= . 251. BootFilename= (URL) PXE . DHCP 67 ("Bootfile name"). RFC 2132[42] . . 251. IPv6OnlyPreferredSec= . IPv6 RFC 8925[35]. DHCPv4 IPv6 IPv4 IPv6. . 300 . 255. SendOption= (raw option) DHCPv4. DHCP ("option:type:value"). 1 254. "uint8" "uint16" "uint32" "ipv4address" "ipv6address" "string". C[30]. . . . 244. SendVendorOption= (vendor option) DHCPv4. DHCP ("option:type:value"). 1 254. "uint8" "uint16" "uint32" "ipv4address" "string". C[30]. . . . 246. BindToInterface= . "yes" DHCP . "yes" RelayTarget= ( ) "no". 249. RelayTarget= IPv4 inet_pton(3). DHCP DHCP (relay agent). RFC 1542[43]. DHCP DHCP . 249. RelayAgentCircuitId= Agent Circuit ID (Relay Agent Information). "string:value" "value" . ( Agent Circuit ID). RelayTarget=. 249. RelayAgentRemoteId= Agent Remote ID (Relay Agent Information). "string:value" "value" . ( Agent Remote ID). RelayTarget=. 249. RapidCommit= . RFC 4039[44]. DHCPDISCOVER (Rapid Commit) DHCPACK DHCPOFFER. (true). 255. PersistLeases= "runtime". "yes" DHCP . "runtime" DHCP (runtime) systemctl clean systemd-networkd.service . "no" DHCP networkctl reconfigure systemd-networkd.service(8). "runtime" "no" . . networkd.conf(5) "yes". RelayTarget= . 256. LocalLeaseDomain= DNS . systemd-networkd.service(8) systemd-resolved.service(8) DHCP IP . . systemd-resolved D-Bus IPC Varlink IPC (stub) DNS . 259. [DHCPSERVERSTATICLEASE] "[DHCPServerStaticLease]" DHCP IPv4 MAC . . MACAddress= (hardware address) . . 249. Address= IPv4 MACAddress=. . 249. Hostname= DHCP. ( "mydevice") ( "mydevice.example.com") RFC 1123. (label) 63 253 (FQDNs). DHCP DHCP ( OFFER ACK) MAC . DHCP : ( DNS ) 12 (Host Name) RFC 2132 (FQDNs) 81 (Client FQDN) RFC 4702 DNS (DNS wire format). DHCP . 259. [IPV6SENDRA] [IPv6SendRA] IPv6 (Router Advertisements) IPv6SendRA= . IPv6 [IPv6Prefix] [IPv6RoutePrefix]. Managed=, OtherInformation= . DHCPv6 IPv6 Managed= "true" DHCPv6 OtherInformation= "true". "false" DHCPv6. 235. RouterLifetimeSec= . IPv6 . 0 4 9000 . 0 . 1800 (30 ). 235. ReachableTimeSec= (Neighbor Unreachability Detection) . 0 4294967295 . 0 . 0. 256. RetransmitSec= (Neighbor Unreachability Detection) . 0 4294967295 . 0 . 0. 255. RouterPreference= IPv6 RouterLifetimeSec= . "high" "medium" "low" "normal" "default" "medium" . RFC 4191[24] . "medium". 235. HopLimit= (hop limit). 0 255. IPv6HopLimit=. 255. UplinkInterface= (uplink) ":none" ":auto". DNS . ":auto" [DHCPPrefixDelegation] DHCPPrefixDelegation= . ":none" . ":auto". 250. EmitDNS=, DNS= DNS= IPv6 DNS (recursive DNS) EmitDNS= (true). DNS= "_link_local" IPv6 (link-local). DNS= DNS [Network]. [Network] DNS DNS UplinkInterface=. EmitDNS= (false) DNS . EmitDNS= (true). 235. EmitDomains=, Domains= DNS EmitDomains= (true). Domains= DNS [Network]. [Network] DNS DNS UplinkInterface=. EmitDomains= (false) DNS . EmitDomains= (true). 235. DNSLifetimeSec= DNS DNS= Domains=. 3600 ( ). 235. HomeAgent= . IPv6 (Home Agent) . (false). RFC 6275[13] . 255. HomeAgentLifetimeSec= . (Home Agent). 1...65535. RouterLifetimeSec=. 255. HomeAgentPreference= (Home Agent) IPv6. 0...65535. 0. 255. [IPV6PREFIX] [IPv6Prefix] IPv6 (Router Advertisements). RFC 4861[45] . AddressAutoconfiguration= OnLink= IPv6 (onlink). "true" . 235. Prefix= IPv6 . IPv6 IPv6 "/". [IPv6Prefix] IPv6 (onlink) . 235. PreferredLifetimeSec=, ValidLifetimeSec= . PreferredLifetimeSec= 1800 (30 ) ValidLifetimeSec= 3600 ( ). 235. Assign= . true . false. 246. Token= . Token= [IPv6AcceptRA]. Assign= false . EUI-64. 250. RouteMetric= . 0...4294967295. 0 . Assign= false. 249. [IPV6ROUTEPREFIX] [IPv6RoutePrefix] IPv6 (Router Advertisements). RFC 4191[24] . Route= IPv6 . IPv6 IPv6 "/". [IPv6RoutePrefix] IPv6 . 244. LifetimeSec= . LifetimeSec= 3600 ( ). 244. Preference= . "high" "medium" "low". "medium". 258. [IPV6PREF64PREFIX] [IPv6PREF64Prefix] IPv6 PREF64 ( NAT64) (Router Advertisements). RFC 8781[40] . Prefix= IPv6 PREF64 ( NAT64) . IPv6 NAT64 ( PLAT) 464XLAT . [IPv6PREF64Prefix] IPv6 . "/". NAT64 96 64 56 48 40 32 . 255. LifetimeSec= . RouterLifetimeSec=. LifetimeSec= 1800 . 255. [BRIDGE] [Bridge] : UnicastFlood= . (FDB) . . 223. MulticastFlood= . (MDB) . . 242. MulticastToUnicast= . (Multicast to unicast) (multicast snooping) . . . 240. NeighborSuppression= . ARP ND . . 242. Learning= . MAC . . 242. HairPin= . . false . . 223. Isolated= . . . true Isolated false. false . . 251. UseBPDU= . (STP Bridge Protocol Data Units). . 223. FastLeave= . IGMP (IGMP Leave). IGMP (IGMP snooping) . . 223. AllowPortToBeRoot= . (root port). STP . . 223. ProxyARP= . ARP (proxy ARP) . . 243. ProxyARPWiFi= . ARP (proxy ARP) IEEE 802.11 Hotspot 2.0. . 243. MulticastRouter= . . "no" "query" "permanent" "temporary" . . 243. Cost= "" . . . 1 65535. 218. Priority= "" . . . 0 63. systemd-networkd 32. 234. Locked=, MACAuthenticationBypass= . "" 802.1x. . 258. . " MAC" (MAC Authentication Bypass) fdb "". . (Learning). . 258. VLANTunnel= . vlan . . 258. [BRIDGEFDB] [BridgeFDB] (forwarding database) . [BridgeFDB] MAC. MACAddress= [Network]. . 219. Destination= IP VXLAN . 243. VLANId= VLAN MAC . VLAN MAC . 219. VNI= VXLAN ( VXLAN) VXLAN . 1...16777215. . 243. AssociatedWith= . "use" "self" "master" "router". "use" . fdb . "self" fdb (hardware). "master" fdb . "router" . VXLAN (route shortcircuit). "self". 243. OutgoingInterface= VXLAN VXLAN . . 249. [BRIDGEMDB] [BridgeMDB] . [BridgeMDB] . MulticastGroupAddress= IPv4 IPv6 L2 MAC . . 247. VLANId= VLAN . 0 ( VLAN) 4094. 0. 247. [LLDP] [LLDP] (LLDP) : MUDURL= (URL) (MUD) LLDP. MUDURL= [DHCPv4] . MUD LLDP sd_lldp_neighbor_get_mud_url(). 246. [CAN] [CAN] ( CAN) : BitRate= CAN . (SI) (K M) 1000 . 1...4294967295. 239. SamplePoint= ( "75%" "87.5%") ( "875"). BitRate= . 239. TimeQuantaNSec= PropagationSegment= PhaseBufferSegment1= PhaseBufferSegment2= SyncJumpWidth= 1 2 CAN Bosch CAN 2.0. TimeQuantaNSec= . PropagationSegment= PhaseBufferSegment1= PhaseBufferSegment2= SyncJumpWidth= TimeQuantaNSec= 0...4294967295. SyncJumpWidth= BitRate=. 250. DataBitRate=, DataSamplePoint= CAN-FD. BitRate= SamplePoint=. 246. DataTimeQuantaNSec=, DataPropagationSegment=, DataPhaseBufferSegment1=, DataPhaseBufferSegment2=, DataSyncJumpWidth= 1 2 CAN-FD. TimeQuantaNSec= . 250. FDMode= . "yes" CAN-FD . CAN-FD DataBitRate= DataSamplePoint= DataTimeQuanta= . 246. FDNonISO= . "yes" non-ISO CAN-FD . . 246. RestartSec= . CAN (bus-off) . ( "0.1s") "ms" "us". "infinity" "0" . . 239. Termination= 0...65535. "yes" 120 . "no" "0" . . 246. TripleSampling= . "yes" ( ) . . 242. BusErrorReporting= . "yes" CAN ( ). . : CAN CAN CAN CAN. 248. ListenOnly= . "yes" (listen-only). CAN (ACK). CAN CAN. . 246. Loopback= . "yes" (loopback). . CAN. . 250. OneShot= . "yes" (one-shot). . 250. PresumeACK= . "yes" (ACKs) CAN. . 250. ClassicDataLengthCode= . "yes" (DLC) 4 . . 250. [IPOIB] [IPoIB] Infiniband (IP over Infiniband) : Mode= "datagram" "connected". . "datagram" Infiniband (UD) MTU IB L2 MTU IPoIB (4 ). IB MTU 2K IPoIB MTU 2048 - 4 = 2044 . "connected" Infiniband (RC). IB (MTU) IP 64K IP UDP TCP . 250. IgnoreUserspaceMulticastGroups= . (true) . . 250. [QDISC] [QDisc] (qdisc). Parent= (qdisc) . "clsact" "ingress". . 244. Handle= qdisc (handle). 0x1-0xffff. . [NETWORKEMULATOR] [NetworkEmulator] (qdisc) . UDP TCP . Parent= (qdisc) . "root" "clsact" "ingress" . 0x1-0xffff ("major:minor"). "root". Handle= qdisc (handle). 0x1-0xffff. . DelaySec= . . 245. DelayJitterSec= . . 245. PacketLimit= qdisc . 0...4294967294. 1000. 245. LossRate= . "%". . 245. DuplicateRate= . "%". . 245. [TOKENBUCKETFILTER] [TokenBucketFilter] (qdisc) (tbf). Parent= (qdisc) . "root" "clsact" "ingress" . 0x1-0xffff ("major:minor"). "root". Handle= qdisc (handle). 0x1-0xffff. . LatencySec= (latency) (TBF). . 245. LimitBytes= . K M G 1024. . 246. BurstBytes= . . K M G 1024. . 246. Rate= . K M G 1000. . 245. MPUBytes= (MPU) ( ) . K M G 1024. . 245. PeakRate= . K M G 1000. . 245. MTUBytes= (peakrate). K M G 1024. . 245. [PIE] [PIE] (qdisc) (PIE). Parent= (qdisc) . "root" "clsact" "ingress" . 0x1-0xffff ("major:minor"). "root". Handle= qdisc (handle). 0x1-0xffff. . PacketLimit= . . 1...4294967294. . 246. [FLOWQUEUEPIE] "[FlowQueuePIE]" (qdisc) (fq_pie). Parent= (qdisc) . "root" "clsact" "ingress" . 0x1-0xffff ("major:minor"). "root". Handle= qdisc (handle). 0x1-0xffff. . PacketLimit= . . 1 4294967294. . 247. [STOCHASTICFAIRBLUE] [StochasticFairBlue] (qdisc) (sfb). Parent= (qdisc) . "root" "clsact" "ingress" . 0x1-0xffff ("major:minor"). "root". Handle= qdisc (handle). 0x1-0xffff. . PacketLimit= . . 0...4294967294. . 246. [STOCHASTICFAIRNESSQUEUEING] [StochasticFairnessQueueing] (qdisc) (sfq). Parent= (qdisc) . "root" "clsact" "ingress" . 0x1-0xffff ("major:minor"). "root". Handle= qdisc (handle). 0x1-0xffff. . PerturbPeriodSec= (perturbation) . . 245. [BFIFO] [BFIFO] (qdisc) (bfifo). Parent= (qdisc) . "root" "clsact" "ingress" . 0x1-0xffff ("major:minor"). "root". Handle= qdisc (handle). 0x1-0xffff. . LimitBytes= FIFO . . . K M G 1024. . 246. [PFIFO] [PFIFO] (qdisc) (pfifo). Parent= (qdisc) . "root" "clsact" "ingress" . 0x1-0xffff ("major:minor"). "root". Handle= qdisc (handle). 0x1-0xffff. . PacketLimit= FIFO. . . 0...4294967294. . 246. [PFIFOHEADDROP] [PFIFOHeadDrop] (qdisc) (pfifo_head_drop). Parent= (qdisc) . "root" "clsact" "ingress" . 0x1-0xffff ("major:minor"). "root". Handle= qdisc (handle). 0x1-0xffff. . PacketLimit= [PFIFO]. 246. [PFIFOFAST] [PFIFOFast] (qdisc) (pfifo_fast). Parent= (qdisc) . "root" "clsact" "ingress" . 0x1-0xffff ("major:minor"). "root". Handle= qdisc (handle). 0x1-0xffff. . [CAKE] [CAKE] (qdisc) (CAKE). Parent= (qdisc) . "root" "clsact" "ingress" . 0x1-0xffff ("major:minor"). "root". Handle= qdisc (handle). 0x1-0xffff. . Bandwidth= (shaper). K M G 1000. . 246. AutoRateIngress= . qdisc . . Bandwidth= . . 250. OverheadBytes= . . -64...256. . 246. MPUBytes= ( overhead) . 1...256. . 250. CompensationMode= "none" "atm" "ptm". (overhead). "none" . "atm" ATM ADSL. "ptm" PTM VDSL2 64b/65b. . 250. UseRawPacketSize= . (true) IP . . 250. FlowIsolationMode= CAKE . . : none . 250. src-host . "srchost" tc qdisc. tc-cake(8). 250. dst-host . "dsthost" tc qdisc. tc-cake(8). 250. hosts (-). tc qdisc. tc-cake(8). 250. flows : . tc qdisc. tc-cake(8). 250. dual-src-host ( "flows" ) . "dual-srchost" tc qdisc. tc-cake(8). 250. dual-dst-host ( "flows" ) . "dual-dsthost" tc qdisc. tc-cake(8). 250. triple ( "flows") . "triple-isolate" tc qdisc. tc-cake(8). 250. . 250. NAT= . (true) CAKE NAT NAT. FlowIsolationMode= "none" "flows" NAT . . 250. PriorityQueueingPreset= CAKE "tins" () . . : besteffort . 250. precedence "Precedence" (TOS). . 250. diffserv8 ("DiffServ") : . 250. diffserv4 ("DiffServ") : . 250. diffserv3 ("DiffServ") : . 250. . 250. FirewallMark= 1...4294967295. CAKE . . 250. Wash= . CAKE DSCP ECN CAKE. . 250. SplitGSO= . CAKE (GSO) . . 250. RTTSec= (RTT) . . : 100us 10GigE+ 1ms LAN 100ms . . 253. AckFilter= "aggressive". (ACKs) . "aggressive" . . . 253. [CONTROLLEDDELAY] [ControlledDelay] (qdisc) (CoDel). Parent= (qdisc) . "root" "clsact" "ingress" . 0x1-0xffff ("major:minor"). "root". Handle= qdisc (handle). 0x1-0xffff. . PacketLimit= . . 0...4294967294. . 245. TargetSec= . /. . 245. IntervalSec= . . . 245. ECN= . . . 245. CEThresholdSec= . (CE) ECN. . 245. [DEFICITROUNDROBINSCHEDULER] [DeficitRoundRobinScheduler] (qdisc) (DRR). Parent= (qdisc) . "root" "clsact" "ingress" . 0x1-0xffff ("major:minor"). "root". Handle= qdisc (handle). 0x1-0xffff. . [DEFICITROUNDROBINSCHEDULERCLASS] [DeficitRoundRobinSchedulerClass] (DRR). Parent= (qdisc) . "root" qdisc. qdisc 0x1-0xffff ("major:minor"). "root". ClassId= . 0x1-0xffff ("major:minor"). . QuantumBytes= . K M G 1024. (MTU) . 246. [ENHANCEDTRANSMISSIONSELECTION] [EnhancedTransmissionSelection] (qdisc) (ETS). Parent= (qdisc) . "root" "clsact" "ingress" . 0x1-0xffff ("major:minor"). "root". Handle= qdisc (handle). 0x1-0xffff. . Bands= . 1...16. StrictBands= QuantumBytes=. 246. StrictBands= . 1...16. 246. QuantumBytes= (quantum) . K M G 1024. . . 246. PriorityMap= mapping . . 0 1 . 16 . . 0...255. . . 246. [GENERICRANDOMEARLYDETECTION] [GenericRandomEarlyDetection] (qdisc) (GRED). Parent= (qdisc) . "root" "clsact" "ingress" . 0x1-0xffff ("major:minor"). "root". Handle= qdisc (handle). 0x1-0xffff. . VirtualQueues= . 1...16. . 246. DefaultVirtualQueue= . VirtualQueue=. . 246. GenericRIO= . RIO. . 246. [FAIRQUEUEINGCONTROLLEDDELAY] [FairQueueingControlledDelay] (qdisc) (FQ-CoDel). Parent= (qdisc) . "root" "clsact" "ingress" . 0x1-0xffff ("major:minor"). "root". Handle= qdisc (handle). 0x1-0xffff. . PacketLimit= . . . 245. MemoryLimitBytes= FQ-CoDel . K M G 1024. . 246. Flows= . . 245. TargetSec= . /. . 245. IntervalSec= . . . 245. QuantumBytes= "" . K M G 1024. . 246. ECN= . . . 245. CEThresholdSec= . (CE) ECN. . 245. [FAIRQUEUEING] [FairQueueing] (qdisc) (FQ). Parent= (qdisc) . "root" "clsact" "ingress" . 0x1-0xffff ("major:minor"). "root". Handle= qdisc (handle). 0x1-0xffff. . PacketLimit= . . . 245. FlowLimit= . . 245. QuantumBytes= . K M G 1024. . 246. InitialQuantumBytes= . K M G 1024. . 245. MaximumRate= . K M G 1000. . 245. Buckets= . . 245. OrphanMask= . fq . . 245. Pacing= . . 245. CEThresholdSec= . (CE) ECN. . 245. [TRIVIALLINKEQUALIZER] [TrivialLinkEqualizer] (qdisc) (teql). Parent= (qdisc) . "root" "clsact" "ingress" . 0x1-0xffff ("major:minor"). "root". Handle= qdisc (handle). 0x1-0xffff. . Id= "N" teql. "0". teql sch_teql max_equalizers=N+1 systemd-networkd. 245. [HIERARCHYTOKENBUCKET] [HierarchyTokenBucket] (qdisc) (htb). Parent= (qdisc) . "root" "clsact" "ingress" . 0x1-0xffff ("major:minor"). "root". Handle= qdisc (handle). 0x1-0xffff. . DefaultClass= . . . 246. RateToQuantum= . (quantums) DRR Rate= RateToQuantum=. 246. [HIERARCHYTOKENBUCKETCLASS] [HierarchyTokenBucketClass] (htb). Parent= (qdisc) . "root" qdisc. qdisc 0x1-0xffff ("major:minor"). "root". ClassId= . 0x1-0xffff ("major:minor"). . Priority= . . 246. QuantumBytes= (leaf) . K M G 1024. 246. MTUBytes= . K M G 1024. 246. OverheadBytes= . K M G 1024. 246. Rate= . K M G 1000. . 246. CeilRate= . K M G 1000. Rate=. 246. BufferBytes= (burst) . K M G 1024. 246. CeilBufferBytes= (ceil) . K M G 1024. 246. [CLASSFULMULTIQUEUEING] [ClassfulMultiQueueing] (qdisc) (mq). Parent= (qdisc) . "root" "clsact" "ingress" . 0x1-0xffff ("major:minor"). "root". Handle= qdisc (handle). 0x1-0xffff. . [BANDMULTIQUEUEING] [BandMultiQueueing] (qdisc) (multiq). Parent= (qdisc) . "root" "clsact" "ingress" . 0x1-0xffff ("major:minor"). "root". Handle= qdisc (handle). 0x1-0xffff. . [HEAVYHITTERFILTER] [HeavyHitterFilter] (qdisc) (hhf). Parent= (qdisc) . "root" "clsact" "ingress" . 0x1-0xffff ("major:minor"). "root". Handle= qdisc (handle). 0x1-0xffff. . PacketLimit= . . 0...4294967294. . 246. [QUICKFAIRQUEUEING] [QuickFairQueueing] (qdisc) (QFQ). Parent= (qdisc) . "root" "clsact" "ingress" . 0x1-0xffff ("major:minor"). "root". Handle= qdisc (handle). 0x1-0xffff. . [QUICKFAIRQUEUEINGCLASS] [QuickFairQueueingClass] (qfq). Parent= (qdisc) . "root" qdisc. qdisc 0x1-0xffff ("major:minor"). "root". ClassId= . 0x1-0xffff ("major:minor"). . Weight= . 1...1023. . 246. MaxPacketBytes= . K M G 1024. . 246. [BRIDGEVLAN] [BridgeVLAN] VLAN . VLANFiltering= [Bridge] systemd.netdev(5) VLAN [BridgeVLAN] . VLAN .network. VLAN .network VLANFiltering= . VLAN= VLAN . M-N. 1...4094. . . 231. EgressUntagged= VLAN . EgressUntagged= VLAN= VLAN . M-N. . . 231. PVID= VLAN . VLAN ( "no"). VLAN . PVID= VLAN= VLAN . VLAN . 231. [MOBILENETWORK] ModemManager. https://modemmanager.org/docs/modemmanager/ ModemManager. [MobileNetwork] LTE ( LTE LLDP LLDP LTE ): [Network] LLDP=no LinkLocalAddressing=no IPv6AcceptRA=no [MobileNetwork]: APN= (APN) (GSM GPRS 3G 4G 5G) . 3GPP. . 260. AllowedAuthenticationMechanisms= . : "none" "pap" "chap" "mschap" "mschapv2" "eap". 3GPP. . 260. User= ( ) . 3GPP. . 260. Password= ( ) . 3GPP. . 260. IPFamily= . : "ipv4" "ipv6" "both" "any". 3GPP CDMA. . 260. AllowRoaming= . . . 3GPP. "yes". 260. PIN= SIM-PIN. . 260. OperatorId= (ETSI MCC-MNC) . . 260. RouteMetric= ( ). 0...4294967295. 0 . 260. UseGateway= ( ) . 260. 1. # /etc/systemd/network/50-static.network [Match] Name=enp2s0 [Network] Address=192.168.0.15/24 Gateway=192.168.0.1 "enp2s0" . . 2. DHCP # /etc/systemd/network/60-dhcp.network [Match] Name=en* [Network] DHCP=yes DHCPv4 DHCPv6 "en" ( ). 3. IPv6 (DHCPv6 PD) # /etc/systemd/network/55-dhcpv6-pd-upstream.network [Match] Name=enp1s0 [Network] DHCP=ipv6 # # (upstream). . #[Network] #DHCPPrefixDelegation=yes #[DHCPPrefixDelegation] #UplinkInterface=:self #SubnetId=0 #Announce=no # (RA) # DHCPv6 # . #[Network] #IPv6AcceptRA=no #[DHCPv6] #WithoutRA=solicit # (RA) # (Managed bit) # DHCPv6 . #[DHCPv6] #UseAddress=no #[IPv6AcceptRA] #DHCPv6Client=always # /etc/systemd/network/55-dhcpv6-pd-downstream.network [Match] Name=enp2s0 [Network] DHCPPrefixDelegation=yes IPv6SendRA=yes # . # . IPv6AcceptRA=no [DHCPPrefixDelegation] UplinkInterface=enp1s0 SubnetId=1 Announce=yes DHCPv6-PD enp1s0 DHCPv6 enp2s0 . IPv6 . 4. IPv6 (DHCPv4 6RD) # /etc/systemd/network/55-dhcpv4-6rd-upstream.network [Match] Name=enp1s0 [Network] DHCP=ipv4 # DHCPv4-6RD IPv6. # . IPv6AcceptRA=no [DHCPv4] Use6RD=yes # /etc/systemd/network/55-dhcpv4-6rd-downstream.network [Match] Name=enp2s0 [Network] DHCPPrefixDelegation=yes IPv6SendRA=yes # . # . IPv6AcceptRA=no [DHCPPrefixDelegation] UplinkInterface=enp1s0 SubnetId=1 Announce=yes DHCPv4-6RD enp1s0 DHCPv4 enp2s0 . IPv6 . 5. # /etc/systemd/network/25-bridge-static.netdev [NetDev] Name=bridge0 Kind=bridge # /etc/systemd/network/25-bridge-static.network [Match] Name=bridge0 [Network] Address=192.168.0.15/24 Gateway=192.168.0.1 DNS=192.168.0.1 # /etc/systemd/network/25-bridge-slave-interface-1.network [Match] Name=enp2s0 [Network] Bridge=bridge0 # /etc/systemd/network/25-bridge-slave-interface-2.network [Match] Name=wlp3s0 [Network] Bridge=bridge0 "enp2s0" "wlp3s0". . DNS DNS. 6. VLAN # /etc/systemd/network/25-bridge-slave-interface-1.network [Match] Name=enp2s0 [Network] Bridge=bridge0 [BridgeVLAN] VLAN=1-32 PVID=42 EgressUntagged=42 [BridgeVLAN] VLAN=100-299 [BridgeVLAN] EgressUntagged=300-400 "enp2s0" VLAN . VLAN 1-32 42 100-400. VLAN 42 300-400 . VLAN 42. 7. /etc/systemd/network/25-tunnels.network [Match] Name=ens1 [Network] Tunnel=ipip-tun Tunnel=sit-tun Tunnel=gre-tun Tunnel=vti-tun /etc/systemd/network/25-tunnel-ipip.netdev [NetDev] Name=ipip-tun Kind=ipip /etc/systemd/network/25-tunnel-sit.netdev [NetDev] Name=sit-tun Kind=sit /etc/systemd/network/25-tunnel-gre.netdev [NetDev] Name=gre-tun Kind=gre /etc/systemd/network/25-tunnel-vti.netdev [NetDev] Name=vti-tun Kind=vti "ens1" IPIP SIT GRE VTI . 8. (bond) # /etc/systemd/network/30-bond1.network [Match] Name=bond1 [Network] DHCP=ipv6 # /etc/systemd/network/30-bond1.netdev [NetDev] Name=bond1 Kind=bond # /etc/systemd/network/30-bond1-dev1.network [Match] MACAddress=52:54:00:e9:64:41 [Network] Bond=bond1 # /etc/systemd/network/30-bond1-dev2.network [Match] MACAddress=52:54:00:e9:64:42 [Network] Bond=bond1 "bond1" MAC 52:54:00:e9:64:41 52:54:00:e9:64:42 . IPv6 DHCP . 9. (VRF) "bond1" VRF "vrf1". VRF. 4.8 VRF ip (ip-rules) . # /etc/systemd/network/25-vrf.network [Match] Name=bond1 [Network] VRF=vrf1 10. MacVTap "macvtap-test" "enp0s25". # /usr/lib/systemd/network/25-macvtap.network [Match] Name=enp0s25 [Network] MACVTAP=macvtap-test 11. Xfrm . # /etc/systemd/network/27-xfrm.netdev [NetDev] Name=xfrm0 Kind=xfrm [Xfrm] InterfaceId=7 # /etc/systemd/network/27-eth0.network [Match] Name=eth0 [Network] Xfrm=xfrm0 "xfrm0" "eth0". ipsec "eth0". xfrm "lo". 12. ModemManager # /etc/systemd/network/27-wwan0.network [Match] Name=wwan0 [Network] LLDP=no LinkLocalAddressing=no IPv6AcceptRA=no [MobileNetwork] APN=internet AllowedAuthenticationMechanisms=none pap chap User=user Password=pass IPFamily=both AllowRoaming=no PIN=1111 OperatorId=25503 RouteMetric=30 UseGateway=yes "wwan0" APN "internet" "none" "pcap" "chap" "user" "pass" IPv4 IPv6 PIN SIM "1111" MCC "25503" 30. systemd(1) systemd-networkd.service(8) systemd.link(5) systemd.netdev(5) systemd-network-generator.service(8) systemd-resolved.service(8) 1. . /usr/local/ . 2. https://systemd.io/CREDENTIALS 3. https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4795 4. DNS https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6762 5. DNS-over-TLS https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7858 6. DNSSEC https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4033 7. IEEE 802.1AB-2016 https://standards.ieee.org/findstds/standard/802.1AB-2016.html 8. RFC 5227 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5227 9. IP Sysctl https://docs.kernel.org/networking/ip-sysctl.html 10. RFC 4941 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4941 11. RFC 3704 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1027 12. RFC 3069 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3069 13. RFC 6275 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6275 14. RFC 4862 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4862 15. RFC 3041 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3041 16. NetLabel https://docs.kernel.org/netlabel/index.html 17. (LSMs) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_Security_Modules 18. NetLabel https://github.com/SELinuxProject/selinux-notebook/blob/main/src/network_support.md 19. NFT https://netfilter.org/projects/nftables/index.html 20. RFC 3484 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3484 21. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_of_service 22. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differentiated_services 23. (VRF) https://docs.kernel.org/networking/vrf.html 24. RFC 4191 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4191 25. RFC 2132 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2132 26. RFC 4702 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4702 27. RFC 8520 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8520 28. RFC 4039 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4039 29. RFC 7844 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7844 30. C https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escape_sequences_in_C#Table_of_escape_sequences 31. RFC 9463 https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc9463 32. RFC 3442 https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3442 33. RFC 5969 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5969 34. RFC 7084 https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7084 35. RFC 8925 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8925 36. RFC 3315 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3315#section-17.2.1 37. RFC 8415 https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8415.html#section-6.3 38. RFC 4291 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4291#section-2.5.4 39. RFC 7217 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7217 40. RFC 8781 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8781 41. RFC 2131 https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2131.html 42. RFC 2132 https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2132.html 43. RFC 1542 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1542 44. RFC 4039 https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4039 45. RFC 4861 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4861 3 . . : . systemd 260.2 SYSTEMD.NETWORK(5)