PS(1) General Commands Manual PS(1) ps - ps [ ...] ps top ps o Unix "-" o BSD o GNU "--" ps ps ps ID (euid=EUID) ID (pid=PID) (tname=TTY)[DD-]hh:mm:ss CPU (time=TIME) (ucmd=CMD) BSD (stat=STAT) (args=COMMAND) PS_FORMAT BSD (TTY) "" -M Z ps -e ps -ef ps -eF ps -ely BSD ps ax ps axu ps -ejH ps axjf ps -eLf ps axms ps -eo euser,ruser,suser,fuser,f,comm,label ps axZ ps -eM root ID ps -U root -u root u ps -eo pid,tid,class,rtprio,ni,pri,psr,pcpu,stat,wchan:14,comm ps axo stat,euid,ruid,tty,tpgid,sess,pgrp,ppid,pid,pcpu,comm ps -Ao pid,tt,user,fname,tmout,f,wchan syslogd ID ps -C syslogd -o pid= PID 42 ps -q 42 -o comm= a BSD "" BSD "-" ps BSD ps (tty) x -A -e -a getsid(2) -d --deselect -N -e -A g a sunos4 -N --deselect T t r x BSD " tty" BSD "-" ps BSD ps ps EUID a ps -p "1 2" -p 3,4 123 --pid 123 +123 --sid 123 -123 ID (PGID) -C procps 15 15 -G ID (RGID) ID ID getgid(2) -g ps ID -s --group --Group ID (RGID) -G --group ID (EGID) ID ID getegid(2)-g --group p pid ID -p --pid -p pid PID ID pid p --pid --pid pid ID -p p --ppid pid ID ID pid pid q pid ID -q --quick-pid -q pid PID ID pid ps pid pid pid q --quick-pid --quick-pid pid ID -q q -s ID ID --sid ID -s t tty tty -t --tty tty ps T tty t -t tty tty tty tty/dev/ttyS1ttyS1S1 "-" --tty tty -t t U ID (EUID) ID ID geteuid(2) -u --user -U ID (RUID) ID ID getuid(2) -u ID (EUID) ID ID geteuid(2) U --user --User ID (RUID) -U --user ID (EUID) -u U ps -c -l (-O cls,pri). --context SELinux(-o pid,context,cmd). -f Unix -L NLWP LWP ID c args comm(-o uid,pid,ppid,c,stime,tty,time,cmd). -F -f -F (-o uid,pid,ppid,c,sz,rss,psr,stime,tty,time,cmd). --format -o o j BSD (-o ppid,pid,pgid,sid,tty,tpgid,stat,uid,time,cmd a) -j (-o pid,pgid,sid,tty,time,ucmd) l BSD (-o f,uid,pid,ppid,pri,ni,vsz,rss,wchan,stat,tty,time,cmd a) -l -y (-o f,uid,pid,ppid,c,pri,ni,addr,sz,wchan,tty,time,ucmd) -M Z SELinux(-o context,pid,tty,time,ucmd) O oBSD O -O -O --sort -O BSD -O -o -o pid, ,state,tname,time,command -o pid,,tname,time,cmd -o o -o --format -o (ps -o pid, ruser=RealUser -o comm=Command) (ps -o pid= -o comm=) WCHAN (ps -o pid,wchan=WIDE-WCHAN-COLUMN -o comm) (ps opid,wchan:42, cmd)ps -o pid=X,comm=Y "X, comm=Y" "X" "Y" -o PS_FORMAT DefSysV DefBSD Unix BSD -P psr(-o pid,psr,s,tty,time,ucmd) s (-o uid,pid,pending,blocked,ignored,caught,stat,tty,bsdtime,cmd a) u (-o user,pid,pcpu,pmem,vsz,rss,tty,stat,start_time,bsdtime,args a) v (-o pid,tty,stat,bsdtime,majflt,trs,drs,rss,pmem,args a) X ( -o pid,stackp,esp,eip,tmout,alarm,stat,tty,bsdtime,args a) -y rss addr -l Z -M SELinux c argv args comm -f BSD -f args comm --cols n --columns n --cumulative -D lstart strftime(3) 24 --date-format -D --delimiter e f ASCII --forest ASCII h BSD h BSD ps Linux ps ps Linux BSD --headers --no-headers -H --headers k [+|-].RB [,[ + | - ].IR [,...]]. "+" --sort ps jaxkuid,-ppid,+pid ps axk comm o comm,args ps kstart_time -ef --lines n n WCHAN USER UID GID --no-headers --no-heading O BSD O -O -O --sort For sorting, obsolete BSD O option syntax is O[+|-]k1[,[+|-]k2[,...]]. It orders the processes listing according to the multilevel sort specified by the sequence of one-letter short keys k1,k2, ... described in the OBSOLETE SORT KEYS section below. The "+" is currently optional, merely re-iterating the default direction on a key, but may help to distinguish an O sort from an O format. The "-" reverses direction only on the key it precedes. --rows n S CPU fork --sort [+|-][,[+|-][,...]] "+" k ps jax --sort=uid,-ppid,+pid --signames "+" "-" w -w --width n H -L LWP NLWP m -m -T SPID --help simplelistoutputthreadsmisc all s|l|o|t|m|a --info L V procps-ng -V procps-ng --version procps-ng ps /proc ps setuid kmem ps CPU ps CPU 100% SIZE RSS struct thread_info struct task_struct 20 KiB SIZE ++ "" init(8) -o -O ps -aux POSIX Unix TTY x ps "ps aux" "F" flags 1 fork exec 4 sstat state "STAT" "S" D I/O I R S T t W Linux 2.6 X Z "" BSD stat < nice N nice L I/O s l CLONE_THREAD NPTL pthreads + BSD O GNU --sort ps "" tty "" ps sort(1) ------------------------------------------------------------------------ c cmd C pcpu CPU f flags F g pgrp ID G tpgid tty ID j cutime J cstime k utime m min_flt M maj_flt n cmin_flt N cmaj_flt o session ID p pid ID P ppid ID r rss R resident s size KiB S share t tty tty T start_time U uid ID u user v vsize VM (KiB) y priority AIX ps AIX printf(1) printf(3) -------------------------- %C pcpu %CPU %G group GROUP %P ppid PPID %U user USER %a args COMMAND %c comm COMMAND %g rgroup RGROUP %n nice NI %p pid PID %r pgid PGID %t etime ELAPSED %u ruser RUSER %x time TIME %y tty TTY %z vsz VSZ -o GNU --sort ps -eo pid,user,args --sort user ps ps argscmdcommcommandfnameucmducommlstartbsdstartstart ------------------------------------------------------------------------ %cpu %CPU cpu "##.#" CPU (cputime/realtime) 100% pcpu %mem %MEM pmem ag_id AGID CFS ag_nice AGNI nice args COMMAND "" ps cmdcommand comm -f c ps 80 TERM COLUMNS --cols--columns --width w -w blocked BLOCKED signal(7) 32 64 --signames sig_blocksigmask bsdstart START 24 " HH:MM" " Mmm:SS" Mmm lstart start start_time stime bsdtime TIME CPU + "MMM:SS" CPU 999 c C %cpu caught CAUGHT signal(7) 32 64 --signames sig_catchsigcatch cgname CGNAME cgroup CGROUP cgroupns CGROUPNS inode namespaces(7) class CLS policycls +9n - TS SCHED_OTHER FF SCHED_FIFO RR SCHED_RR B SCHED_BATCH ISO SCHED_ISO IDL SCHED_IDLE DLN SCHED_DEADLINE ? cls CLS policycls +9n - TS SCHED_OTHER FF SCHED_FIFO RR SCHED_RR B SCHED_BATCH ISO SCHED_ISO IDL SCHED_IDLE DLN SCHED_DEADLINE ? cmd CMD args argscommand comm COMMAND ucmducomm args -f c ps 80 TERM COLUMNS --cols w -w command COMMAND args argscommand cp CP CPU %cpu CPU CPU psr cpuidlastcpupsr cpuid CPUID psr cpulastcpupsr cputime TIME CPU "[DD-]hh:mm:ss" time cputimes TIME CPU times) cuc %CUC CPU "##.###" %cpuccpcuupcpu cuu %CUU CPU "##.###" %cpuccpcucpcpu docker DOCKER docker id ("-") drs DRS DATA rss vsz egid EGID ID gid egroup EGROUP ID ID ID group eip EIP (instruction pointer) 4.9.xx esp ESP 4.9.xx etime ELAPSED [[DD-]hh:]mm:ss etimes ELAPSED environ ENVIRON euid EUID ID uid euser EUSER ID ID n unameuser exe EXE cmdcomm args f F flagflags fds FDS fgid FGID ID fsgid fgroup FGROUP ID ID ID fsgroup flag F f fflags flags F f fflag fname COMMAND 8 fuid FUID ID fsuid fuser FUSER ID ID ID gid GID egid egid group GROUP egroup egroup htprv HTPRV hugetlbfs rss pss htshr HTSHR hugetlbfs rss pss ignored IGNORED signal(7) 32 64 --signames sig_ignoresigignore ipcns IPCNS inode namespaces(7) label LABEL SELinux ("MAC") lastcpu C psr cpucpuidpsr lstart STARTED -D "DDD mmm HH:MM:SS YYY" lsession SESSION systemd luid LUID ID lwp LWP ID spid tid tid lxc LXC lxc ("-") machine MACHINE systemd VM maj_flt MAJFLT min_flt MINFLT mntns MNTNS inode namespaces(7) netns NETNS inode namespaces(7) ni NI nice 19 -20 nice(1) nice nice NI ni ni nlwp NLWP LWP thcount numa NUMA -1 NUMA nwchan WCHAN wchan oom OOM OOM 0 +1000 oomadj OOMADJ OOM OOM ouid OWNER systemd Unix pcap PCAP capabilities(7) pcaps PCAPS capabilities(7) pcpu %CPU %cpu %cpu pending PENDING signal(7) m -m 32 64 --signames sig pgid PGID ID ID pgrp pgrp PGRP pgid pgid pid PID ID tgid pidns PIDNS inode namespaces(7) pmem %MEM %mem %mem policy POL classcls +9n - TS SCHED_OTHER FF SCHED_FIFO RR SCHED_RR B SCHED_BATCH ISO SCHED_ISO IDL SCHED_IDLE DLN SCHED_DEADLINE ? ppid PPID ID pri PRI psr PSR ( cpucpuidlastcpu) pss PSS rbytes RBYTES rchars RCHARS rgid RGID ID rgroup RGROUP ID ID rops ROPS I/O -- read(2) pread(2) rss RSS KiB rssizersz rssize RSS rss rssrsz rsz RSZ rss rssrssize rtprio RTPRIO ruid RUID ID ruser RUSER ID ID ID s S stat state sched SCH SCHED_OTHER (SCHED_NORMAL), SCHED_FIFO, SCHED_RR, SCHED_BATCH, SCHED_ISO, SCHED_IDLE SCHED_DEADLINE 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 6 seat SEAT systemd sess SESS ID ID sessionsid sgi_p P "" "" "*" sgid SGID ID svgid sgroup SGROUP ID ID sid SID sess sesssession sig PENDING pending pendingsig_pend sigcatch CAUGHT caught caughtsig_catch sigignore IGNORED ignored ignoredsig_ignore sigmask BLOCKED blocked blockedsig_block size SIZE slice SLICE systemd (slice unit) spid SPID lwp lwptid stackp STACKP start STARTED 24 "HH:MM:SS" " Mmm dd" Mmm bsdstartstartstart_time stime start_time START ps "MmmDD" "HH:MM" bsdstartstartlstart stime stat STAT s state state S s s stime STIME start_time start_time suid SUID ID svuid supgid SUPGID ID getgroups(2) supgrp SUPGRP getgroups(2) suser SUSER ID ID svuser svgid SVGID sgid sgid svuid SVUID suid suid sz SZ vsz rss tgid TGID pid ID thcount THCNT nlwp nlwp tid TID spidtid ID (pid) ID (pgrp) ID (sid) ID (tgid) tty ID (tpgid) time TIME CPU "[DD-]HH:MM:SS" cputime timens TIMENS inode namespaces(7) times TIME CPU cputimes tname TTY tty tttty tpgid TPGID tty ID tty -1 trs TRS tt TT tty tnametty tty TT tty tnamett ucmd CMD comm commucomm ucomm COMMAND comm commucmd uid UID euid euid uname USER euser euseruser unit UNIT systemd user USER euser euseruname userns USERNS inode namespaces(7) uss USS utsns UTSNS inode namespaces(7) uunit UUNIT systemd vsize VSZ vsz vsz vsz VSZ KiB1024 vsize wbytes WBYTES wcbytes WCBYTES wchan WCHAN wchars WCHARS wops WOPS I/O -- write(2) pwrite(2) ps COLUMNS LINES PS_PERSONALITY posixoldlinuxbsdsundigital... CMD_ENV posixoldlinuxbsdsundigital... I_WANT_A_BROKEN_PS LC_TIME LIBPROC_HIDE_KERNEL -e --ppid 2 -p 2 --deselect BSD PS_COLORS PS_FORMAT -o DefSysV DefBSD POSIXLY_CORRECT "" POSIX2 "on" POSIXLY_CORRECT UNIX95 "" _XPG CMD_ENV=irix CMD_ENV PS_PERSONALITY Linuxps Unix98 390 OS/390 OpenEdition ps aix AIX ps bsd FreeBSD ps compaq Digital Unix ps debian Debian ps digital Tru64 Digital Unix OSF/1ps gnu Debian ps hp HP-UX ps hpux HP-UX ps irix Irix ps linux ***** ***** old Linux ps os390 OS/390 Open Edition ps posix s390 OS/390 Open Edition ps sco SCO ps sgi Irix ps solaris2 Solaris 2+ (SunOS 5) ps sunos4 SunOS 4 (Solaris 1) ps svr4 sysv tru64 Tru64 Digital Unix OSF/1ps unix unix95 unix98 bsdstart start lstart stime pgrep(1), pstree(1), top(1), strftime(3), proc(5), capabilities(7). ps o Single Unix Specification 2 o The Open Group Technical Standard Base Specifications 6 o IEEE Std 1003.12004 o X/Open System Interfaces Extension [UP XSI] o ISO/IEC 9945:2003 ps Branko Lankester Michael K. Johnson proc Michael Shields pid Charles Blake dirent mmap Syetem.map David Mossberger-Tang psupdate BFD Albert Cahalan ps Unix98 BSD procps-ng 2025-04-23 PS(1)