POSTGRES(1) PostgreSQL 18.6 Documentation POSTGRES(1) (NAME) postgres - PostgreSQL (SYNOPSIS) postgres [...] (DESCRIPTION) postgres PostgreSQL . ( ) postgres . postgres . postgres . ( " ") . ( ) postgres . postgres . -D PGDATA . -D PGDATA initdb(1) . 19.2 . postgres . postgres . postgres . (bootstrapping) initdb(1) . . . (ID 1) (superuser) . . (OPTIONS) postgres . 19 . . ( ) . PGOPTIONS libpq postgres ..SS " (General Purpose)" -B nbuffers . initdb . shared_buffers . -c name=value . PostgreSQL 19 . . -c . -C name . ( -c .) postgresql.conf . . . ( shared_memory_size shared_memory_size_in_huge_pages wal_segment_size) . pg_ctl(1) . SHOW pg_settings . -d debug-level (debug level) . . 1 5 . -d 0 postgres . -D datadir . 19.2 . -e "European" () DMY . . 8.5 . -F fsync (crash) . fsync . ! -h hostname IP postgres TCP/IP . * . IP (Unix-domain sockets) . localhost . listen_addresses . -i TCP/IP ( ) . . listen_addresses * postgresql.conf -h . listen_addresses . listen_addresses . -k directory postgres . . TCP/IP . /tmp (build) . unix_socket_directories . -l SSL . PostgreSQL SSL . SSL 18.9 . -N max-connections . initdb . max_connections . -p port TCP/IP postgres . PGPORT PGPORT ( 5432). PGPORT . -s . (benchmarking) . -S work-mem (hash tables) . work_mem 19.4.1 . -V --version postgres . --name=value -c. --describe-config COPY (tab-delimited) . . -? --help postgres . (Semi-Internal Options) . . PostgreSQL . . -f { s | i | o | b | t | n | m | h } : s i o b t - TID n m h nested-loop merge hash . nested-loop -fs -fn . -O . initdb . -P . . -t pa[rser] | pl[anner] | e[xecutor] . -s . -T . SIGQUIT . SIGABRT core dump . -v protocol frontend/backend . . -W seconds . . (Options for Single-User Mode) ( Single-User Mode ). --single . . database . . . -E . -j - . -r filename filename. . PGCLIENTENCODING . ( .) . PGDATA PGDATESTYLE DateStyle. ( .) PGPORT ( ) (DIAGNOSTICS) semget shmget . Section 18.4 . shared_buffers PostgreSQL / max_connections . $ ps ax | grep postgres $ ps -ef | grep postgres . . (bind) -PostgreSQL . postgres . . Unix 1024 " " (superuser) Unix . (NOTES) pg_ctl(1) postgres . SIGKILL postgres . postgres ( ) . postgres . postgres SIGTERM SIGINT SIGQUIT . . SIGHUP . SIGHUP . SIGINT . (backend) SIGTERM . SQL pg_cancel_backend pg_terminate_backend Section 9.28.2 . postgres SIGQUIT . . SIGKILL -- postgres (crash) (crash-recovery) (sibling) ..SH " (BUGS)" -- FreeBSD OpenBSD . -c . PostgreSQL . (SINGLE-USER MODE) : postgres --single -D /usr/local/pgsql/data other-options my_database -D PGDATA . . (newline) psql . ( ) . . . -j -- . . - . . . . EOF ( Control+D) . EOF EOF . ( ). checkpoint (replication) . (EXAMPLES) postgres : $ nohup postgres >logfile 2>&1 postgres 1234: $ postgres -p 1234 psql -p : $ psql -p 1234 PGPORT : $ export PGPORT=1234 $ psql : $ postgres -c work_mem=1234 $ postgres --work-mem=1234 work_mem postgresql.conf . (underscores) . postgresql.conf ..SH " (SEE ALSO)" initdb(1), pg_ctl(1) PostgreSQL 18.6 2026 POSTGRES(1)