kill(2)                       System Calls Manual                      kill(2)

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       kill - <?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?>
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       <?><?><?><?><?> C (libc, -lc)

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       #include <signal.h>

       int kill(pid_t pid, int sig);

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   (<?><?>. feature_test_macros(7)):

       kill():
           _POSIX_C_SOURCE

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       <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?>, <?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?> sig
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       <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> pid.

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       <?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?>.

       For a process to have permission to send a signal, it must either be
       privileged (under Linux: have the CAP_KILL capability in the user
       namespace of the target process), or the real or effective user ID of
       the sending process must equal the real or saved set-user-ID of the
       target process.  In the case of SIGCONT, it suffices when the sending
       and receiving processes belong to the same session.  (Historically, the
       rules were different; see HISTORY.)

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       On success, zero is returned.  If signals were sent to a process group,
       success means that at least one signal was delivered.  On error, -1 is
       returned, and errno is set to indicate the error.

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       EINVAL <?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?>
              <?><?><?><?><?><?>.

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       POSIX.1-2024.

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       4.3BSD, SVr4, POSIX.1-1988.

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       Across different kernel versions, Linux has enforced different rules
       for the permissions required for an unprivileged process to send a
       signal to another process.  In Linux 1.0 to 1.2.2, a signal could be
       sent if the effective user ID of the sender matched effective user ID
       of the target, or the real user ID of the sender matched the real user
       ID of the target.  From Linux 1.2.3 until 1.3.77, a signal could be
       sent if the effective user ID of the sender matched either the real or
       effective user ID of the target.  The current rules, which conform to
       POSIX.1, were adopted in Linux 1.3.78.

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       <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?> kill().

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       In Linux 2.6 up to and including Linux 2.6.7, there was a bug that
       meant that when sending signals to a process group, kill()  failed with
       the error EPERM if the caller did not have permission to send the
       signal to any (rather than all)  of the members of the process group.
       Notwithstanding this error return, the signal was still delivered to
       all of the processes for which the caller had permission to signal.

<?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?>
       kill(1), _exit(2), pidfd_send_signal(2), signal(2), tkill(2), exit(3),
       killpg(3), sigqueue(3), capabilities(7), credentials(7), signal(7)

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       <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?>
       <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?>(<?>) Alex Nik <rage.iz.me@gmail.com>,
       Azamat Hackimov <azamat.hackimov@gmail.com>, Yuri Kozlov
       <yuray@komyakino.ru> <?> <?><?><?><?> <?><?><?><?><?><?>
       <pavia00@gmail.com>

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       <?><?><?><?><?><?><?><?> GNU (GNU General Public License - GPL,
       <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html> <?><?><?><?><?><?> 3
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       <debian-l10n-russian@lists.debian.org>.

Linux man-pages 6.18  11 <?><?><?><?><?><?><?> 2026 <?>.               kill(2)