gm(1) General Commands Manual gm(1) (NAME) gm - (SYNOPSIS) gm animate [ options ... ] file [ [ options ... ] file ... ] gm batch [ options ... ] [ script ] gm benchmark [ options ... ] subcommand gm compare [ options ... ] reference-image [ options ... ] compare- image [ options ... ] gm composite [ options ... ] change-image base-image [ mask-image ] output-image gm conjure [ options ] script.msl [ [ options ] script.msl ] gm convert [ [ options ... ] [ input-file ... ] [ options ... ] ] output-file gm display [ options ... ] file ... [ [options ... ]file ... ] gm identify file [ file ... ] gm import [ options ... ] file gm mogrify [ options ... ] file ... gm montage [ options ... ] file [ [ options ... ] file ... ] output- file gm time subcommand gm version (DESCRIPTION) gm GraphicsMagick . gm . gm 0 1 : animate ( GIF) X . batch ( convert) (batch) / (co-process) . benchmark ( convert) (profiling) CPU . Benchmark (threads) (CSV) . compare / . (truth value) . composite ( ) . conjure (MSL) . convert . display . X . identify . . import X . . mogrify . . (overwrites). montage . . time . version GraphicsMagick (sample-depth) . GraphicsMagick : o 3FR r-- Hasselblad Photo RAW o 8BIM rw- Photoshop o 8BIMTEXT rw- Photoshop o 8BIMWTEXT rw- Photoshop o APP1 rw- o APP1JPEG rw- JPEG o ART r-- PF1: 1st Publisher o ARW r-- Sony Alpha DSLR RAW o AVS rw+ AVS X o BIE rw- Joint Bi-level Image experts Group o BMP rw+ Microsoft Windows o BMP2 -w- Microsoft Windows o BMP3 -w- Microsoft Windows o CACHE --- Magick o CALS rw- Continuous Acquisition and Life-cycle Support o CAPTION r-- ( ) o CIN rw- Kodak Cineon o CMYK rw- ( ) o CMYKA rw- ( ) o CR2 r-- Canon Photo RAW o CRW r-- Canon Photo RAW o CUR r-- Microsoft o CUT r-- DR Halo o DCM r-- Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine o DCR r-- Kodak Photo RAW o DCX rw+ ZSoft IBM PC Paintbrush o DNG r-- Adobe Digital Negative o DPX rw- Digital Moving Picture Exchange o EPDF rw- Encapsulated Portable Document Format o EPI rw- Adobe Encapsulated PostScript o EPS rw- Adobe Encapsulated PostScript o EPS2 -w- Adobe Level II Encapsulated PostScript o EPS3 -w- Adobe Level III Encapsulated PostScript o EPSF rw- Adobe Encapsulated PostScript o EPSI rw- Adobe Encapsulated PostScript o EPT rw- Adobe Encapsulated PostScript TIFF MS-DOS o EPT2 rw- Adobe Level II Encapsulated PostScript TIFF MS-DOS o EPT3 rw- Adobe Level III Encapsulated PostScript TIFF MS-DOS o EXIF rw- Exif o FAX rw+ Group 3 ( TIFF Group3!) o FITS rw- Flexible Image Transport System o FRACTAL r-- o FPX rw- FlashPix o GIF rw+ CompuServe o GIF87 rw- CompuServe ( 87a) o GRADIENT r-- o GRAY rw+ (// ) o HISTOGRAM -w- o HRZ r-- (Slow scan TV) HRZ o HTML -w- o ICB rw+ Truevision Targa o ICC rw- ICC o ICM rw- ICC o ICO r-- Microsoft o ICON r-- Microsoft o IDENTITY r-- Hald CLUT o IMAGE r-- GraphicsMagick o INFO -w+ o IPTC rw- IPTC Newsphoto o IPTCTEXT rw- IPTC Newsphoto o IPTCWTEXT rw- IPTC Newsphoto o JBG rw+ Joint Bi-level Image experts Group o JBIG rw+ Joint Bi-level Image experts Group o JNG rw- JPEG Network Graphics o JP2 rw- JPEG-2000 JP2 o JPC rw- JPEG-2000 o JPEG rw- JFIF Joint Photographic Experts Group o JPG rw- JFIF Joint Photographic Experts Group o K25 r-- Kodak Photo RAW o KDC r-- Kodak Photo RAW o LABEL r-- o M2V rw+ MPEG-2 o MAP rw- (Colormap) o MAT r-- MATLAB o MATTE -w+ MATTE o MIFF rw+ Magick Image File Format o MNG rw+ Multiple-image Network Graphics o MONO rw- o MPC rw+ Magick o MPEG rw+ MPEG-1 o MPG rw+ MPEG-1 o MRW r-- Minolta Photo Raw o MSL r-- (Magick Scripting Language) o MTV rw+ MTV o MVG rw- Magick Vector Graphics o NEF r-- Nikon Electronic Format o NULL r-- o OTB rw- On-the-air o P7 rw+ Xv o PAL rw- YUV o PALM rw- Palm Pixmap o PBM rw+ Portable bitmap ( ) o PCD rw- Photo CD o PCDS rw- Photo CD o PCL -w- Page Control Language o PCT rw- Apple Macintosh QuickDraw/PICT o PCX rw- ZSoft IBM PC Paintbrush o PDB rw+ Palm Database ImageViewer o PDF rw+ Portable Document Format o PEF r-- Pentax Electronic File o PFA r-- TrueType o PFB r-- TrueType o PGM rw+ Portable graymap ( ) o PGX r-- JPEG-2000 VM o PICON rw- Personal Icon o PICT rw- Apple Macintosh QuickDraw/PICT o PIX r-- Alias/Wavefront RLE o PLASMA r-- o PNG rw- Portable Network Graphics o PNG24 rw- Portable Network Graphics RGB () o PNG32 rw- Portable Network Graphics RGBA o PNG8 rw- Portable Network Graphics o PNM rw+ Portable anymap o PPM rw+ Portable pixmap () o PREVIEW -w- o PS rw+ Adobe PostScript o PS2 -w+ Adobe Level II PostScript o PS3 -w+ Adobe Level III PostScript o PSD rw- Adobe Photoshop o PTIF rw- TIFF (Pyramid) o PWP r-- Seattle Film Works o RAF r-- Fuji Photo RAW o RAS rw+ SUN Rasterfile o RGB rw+ o RGBA rw+ o RLA r-- Alias/Wavefront o RLE r-- (RLE) Utah o SCT r-- Scitex HandShake o SFW r-- Seattle Film Works o SGI rw+ Irix RGB o SHTML -w- o STEGANO r-- (Steganographic) o SUN rw+ SUN Rasterfile o SVG rw+ Scalable Vector Graphics o TEXT rw+ o TGA rw+ Truevision Targa o TIFF rw+ Tagged Image File Format o TILE r-- o TIM r-- PSX TIM o TOPOL r-- TOPOL X o TTF r-- TrueType o TXT rw+ o UIL -w- X-Motif UIL o UYVY rw- YUV o VDA rw+ Truevision Targa o VICAR rw- VICAR o VID rw+ (Visual Image Directory) o VIFF rw+ Khoros o VST rw+ Truevision Targa o WBMP rw- Wireless Bitmap ( ) o WMF r-- Windows Metafile o WPG r-- Word Perfect Graphics o X rw- X o X3F r-- Foveon X3 (Sigma/Polaroid) o XBM rw- X ( ) o XC r-- o XCF r-- GIMP o XMP rw- Adobe XML o XPM rw- X () o XV rw+ Khoros o XWD rw- X () o YUV rw- CCIR 601 4:1:1 4:2:2 ( ) : r (Read) w (Write) + (Multi-image) . README . + . +adjoin . . "gm convert -list format" . gm . (most-significant-byte-first) . "gm version" "Q:16" gm ..SH " (FILES AND FORMATS)" (magic number) . (i.e.ps:image) (i.e.image.ps). . "image->magick" . "image->magick" . <<>> (GRANITE H LOGO NETSCAPE PLASMA ROSE) ( ) . XC . CAPTION (@) . X . X id name root . . input_file - output_file - . input_file .Z .gz uncompress gunzip . output_file .Z .gz compress gzip . Photo CD ( "img0001.pcd[4]") MPEG ( "video.mpg[50-75]"). ( "image.tiff[2,7,4]"). (raw) ( -size 640x512 "image.rgb[320x256+50+50]"). . . ( PostScript +adjoin) . printf %d +adjoin . image%02d.miff image00.miff image01.miff . . . . @ . . (OPTIONS) . -noop . . . GraphicsMagick (animate compare composite convert display identify import mogrify montage). / ("<>") ("{}") . "-fuzz {%}" "-fuzz 10" "-fuzz 2%" . -adjoin . ( JPEG) . +adjoin . +adjoin printf . image%02d.miff -affine {sx,rx,ry,sy,tx,ty} -draw -transform . -antialias (aliasing) ( ) ( WMF Postscript) (antialiasing) . +antialias . . -append . . +append . . -append . -asc-cdl ASC CDL ASC CDL () . : (slope) (offset) (power). . () (saturation) ASC CDL 1.2 . ( ): redslope,redoffset,redpower: greenslope,greenoffset,greenpower: blueslope,blueoffset,bluepower: saturation ( ) : "1.0,0.0,1.0:1.0,0.0,1.0:1.0,0.0,1.0:1.0" -authenticate PDF . . -auto-orient () . -orient . -average . -average . -backdrop (backdrop). X . ( X11 ). "X Resources" . -background -fill . -black-threshold red[,green][,blue][,opacity] -black-threshold () . . . ( -1) . (%) ..TP -blue-primary , -blur {x} () . -border x -geometry . -bordercolor -fill . -borderwidth -box -fill . -draw . -channel : Red Green Blue Opacity Matte Cyan Magenta Yellow Black Gray. . Opacity . -charcoal -chop x{+-}{+-}{%} Width height x y . x . -gravity NorthEast East SouthEast . y -gravity SouthWest South SouthEast . -chop . -clip (clipping path) . : gm convert -clip -negate cockatoo.tif negated.tif . -clip XML . XML . -coalesce N 0 (flattening) 0 N . . -coalesce . -colorize . ( 0/0/50). -colorize -modulate (sepia) : gm convert input.ppm -modulate 115,0,100 \ -colorize 7,21,50 output.ppm. -colormap (colormap) shared private . (visual) X PseudoColor GRAYScale . -visual . . X . . Private . (technicolor) . -colors . . . . . quantize . -dither -colorspace -treedepth . -colorspace : CineonLog CMYK GRAY HSL HWB OHTA RGB Rec601Luma Rec709Luma Rec601YCbCr Rec709YCbCr Transparent XYZ YCbCr YIQ YPbPr YUV. RGB . YUV YIQ RGB . . quantize . . Rec601Luma NTSC (ITU-R BT.601-5) . Rec709Luma HDTV (Rec. ITU-R BT.709-5) CRT . GRAY Rec601Luma . . YCbCr . Rec601YCbCr NTSC (ITU-R BT.601-5) . Rec709CbCr HDTV (Rec. ITU-R BT.709-5) CRT . YCbCr Rec601YCbCr . Transparent (matte) . -colors -monochrome . -comment . -format . "Comment" . -draw . -comment "%m:%f %wx%h" MIFF:bird.miff 512x480 bird.miff 512 480 . string @ . ( ). -comment . PNG (chunk) tEXt zTXt "comment" ..TP -compose . ( ) . MaxRGB . ( matte ) (opacity) ( ) . matte . ( ). (raster) . . (opacity) <<>> opacity <<>> . . antialiasing ( ) . <<>> . <<>> . Over . : Over In Out Atop Xor Plus Minus Add Subtract Difference Divide Multiply Bumpmap Copy CopyRed CopyGreen CopyBlue CopyOpacity CopyCyan CopyMagenta CopyYellow CopyBlack . Over change-image base- image . In change-image base-image . base-image . Out change-image base-image . Atop base-image change-image base-image . over change- image base-image . Xor change-image base-image . . Plus . MaxRGB ( ). matte . Minus change-image - base-image (underflow) . matte ( ). Add change-image + base-image (mod MaxRGB+1). Subtract change-image - base-image (mod MaxRGB+1). add subtract . Difference abs(change-image - base-image). . Divide change-image / base-image. ( change-image base-image). Multiply change-image * base-image. (drop-shadow) . Bumpmap base-image change-image . Copy base-image change-image . matte . CopyRed base-image change-image . . CopyGreen base-image change-image . . CopyBlue base-image change-image . . CopyOpacity opacity base-image opacity change-image . . CopyCyan cyan () base-image cyan change-image . . base-image CMYK(A) . CopyMagenta magenta () base-image magenta change-image . . base-image CMYK(A) . CopyYellow yellow () base-image yellow change-image . . base-image CMYK(A) . CopyBlack black () base-image black change-image . . base-image CMYK(A) . change-image CMYK change-image . -compress : None BZip Fax Group3 Group4 JPEG Lossless LZW RLE Zip LZMA JPEG2000 JPEG2000 JBIG JBIG2 WebP ZSTD. +compress . . "Lossless" JPEG JPEG . JPEG . -quality JPEG JPEG-2000 PNG MIFF MPEG TIFF . -sampling-factor DPX JPEG MPEG YUV (downsampling) . -contrast . -contrast +contrast . : gm convert rose: -contrast -contrast rose_c2.png -convolve () . . . -create-directories -output-directory . mogrify . -crop x{+-}{+-}{%} (geometry) -geometry . (width) (height) x y (offset) . -shave . x y . . -gravity NorthEast East SouthEast . -gravity SouthWest South SouthEast . x y (tiles) . . -cycle (colormap) (Amount) . -debug events (log) . None All : Annotate Blob Cache Coder Configure Deprecate Error Exception FatalError Information Locale Option Render Resource TemporaryFile Transform User Warning X11. cache blob : gm convert -debug "Cache,Blob" rose: rose.png "User" "User" GraphicsMagick . -log . +debug . -debug MAGICK_DEBUG . MAGICK_DEBUG -debug . -deconstruct . (coalesced) -coalesce GIF MNG . . -deconstruct . -define {=},... / (coder/decoder) . . value (flag) . / . +define ,... . +define "*" . : bmp:allow-jpeg={true|false} bmp:allow-jpeg true BMP JPEG ( JPEG JPEG ) . BMP JPEG BMP JPEG . cineon:colorspace={rgb|cineonlog} Cineon cineon:colorspace Cineon . DPX ( ) . dpx:bits-per-sample= dpx:bits-per-sample GraphicsMagick DPX (depth) . . DPX . DPX A ( ). dpx:colorspace={rgb|cineonlog} DPX dpx:colorspace DPX . DPX ( ) . dpx:packing-method={packed|a|b|lsbpad|msbpad} DPX . ("packed") ("a" "lsbpad") ("b" "msbpad"). . (packed) DPX A . DPX A . dpx:pixel-endian={lsb|msb} (endian) DPX . ( ) . dpx:swap-samples={true|false} dpx:swap-samples-read={true|false} dpx:swap-samples-write={true|false} GraphicsMagick DPX . DPX Red Blue Cb Cr . swap-samples . swap-samples-read swap- samples-write . heif:ignore-transformations={true|false} HEIF ( HEIC/AVIF) ( ) . 'ping' ( identify) true false . ignore-transformations false identify . heif:interleaved-rgb-decode={true|false} libheif (planar) (interleaved) . . heif:preserve-colorspace={true|false} HEIF . RGB YCbCr . heif:tile-threads=number HEIF (thread) . CPU HEIF ( ). OpenMP OpenMP . heif:max-image-size-pixels=number . . 'max_image_size_pixels' ( ) libheif . GraphicsMagick / . heif:max-number-of-tiles=number . . 'max_number_of_tiles' ( ) libheif . heif:max-bayer-pattern-pixels=number 'max_bayer_pattern_pixels' ( ) libheif . heif:max-items=number 'max_items' ( ) libheif . heif:max-color-profile-size=number 'max_color_profile_size' ( ) libheif . heif:max-memory-block-size=number 'max_memory_block_size' ( ) libheif . heif:max-components=number 'max_components' ( ) libheif . heif:max-iloc-extents-per-item=number 'max_iloc_extents_per_item' ( ) libheif . heif:max-size-entity-group=number 'max_size_entity_group' ( ) libheif . heif:max-children-per-box=number 'max_children_per_box' ( ) libheif . heif:max-total-memory=number 'max_total_memory' ( ) libheif . heif:max-sample-description-box-entries=number 'max_sample_description_box_entries' ( ) libheif . heif:max-sample-group-description-box-entries=number 'max_sample_group_description_box_entries' ( ) libheif . gradient:direction={South|North|West|East|NorthWest|NorthEast|SouthWest|SouthEast} ("South") . 1.3.35 GraphicsMagick (gravity) . : South ( ) North ( ) West ( ) East ( ) NorthWest (- -) NorthEast (- -) SouthWest (- -) SouthEast (- -). jp2:rate= JPEG-2000 . . 0.0 1.0 1.0 . -quality . 75 0.06641 . jpeg:arithmetic-coding={true|false} JPEG (arithmetic encoding) ( ). optimize-coding . jpeg:block-smoothing={true|false} (block smoothing) JPEG ( ). jpeg:dct-method= DCT IJG JPEG . . value islow ifast float default fastest. JPEG fastest . jpeg:fancy-upsampling={true|false} (fancy upsampling) JPEG ( ). jpeg:data-precision= JPEG . JPEG . Turbo-jpeg IJG JPEG . jpeg:lossless-precision= DPCM . 0 precision-1 . . ( ) . 0 . jpeg:lossless-predictor= . . . jpeg:max-scan-number= (progressive scans) JPEG . . JPEG JPEG . jpeg:max-warnings= (hard error) . JPEG . jpeg:optimize-coding={true|false} . . JPEG . jpeg:preserve-settings jpeg:preserve-settings JPEG "quality" "sampling-factor" JPEG . JPEG JNG . . jxl:effort= . . . 'JXL_ENC_FRAME_SETTING_EFFORT' ( ) libjxl . jxl:decodingspeed= . . 'JXL_ENC_FRAME_SETTING_DECODING_SPEED' ( ) libjxl . pcl:fit-to-page pcl:fit-to-page ( / ) . png:chunk-malloc-max= png:chunk-malloc-max (chunk size) libpng . libpng . PNG "chunk data is too large" . . . mng:maximum-loops= mng:maximum-loops MNG LOOP . MNG . . pdf:use-cropbox={true|false} pdf:use-cropbox true Ghostscript (crop box) PDF . pdf:stop-on-error={true|false} pdf:stop-on-error true Ghostscript PDF . . ps:imagemask ps:imagemask PS3 EPS3 Postscript (bilevel) image imagemask Postscript (render) . ptif:minimum-geometry= ptif:minimum-geometry GraphicsMagick pyramid TIFF ( TIFF ) . 32x32 . tiff:alpha={unspecified|associated|unassociated} TIFF TIFF . unspecified alpha . TIFF . TIFF associated alpha () . "associated" (matte) . unassociated alpha . Photoshop associated unassociated alpha . ImageMagick GraphicsMagick TIFF associated alpha . tiff:fill-order={msb2lsb|lsb2msb} tiff:fill-order GraphicsMagick (bit fill order) TIFF . "msb2lsb" . Group3 Group4 RFC 2301 . tiff:group-three-options= tiff:group-three-options GraphicsMagick group3 TIFF group3 . TIFF . . tiff:ignore-tags= tiff:ignore-tags TIFF TIFF . TIFF . TIFF . tiff:lerc-maxzerror= LERC ( `-compress lerc`) ( 0.5). 0 ( ) . tiff:lerc-compression={1|deflate|zip|2|zstd} LERC Deflate Zstd . Deflate 1 deflate zip Zstd 2 zstd . . tiff:lerc-zip-quality= LERC Deflate Deflate ( ). Deflate . tiff:lerc-zstd-level= LERC Zstd ( ) Zstd ( ). Zstd . tiff:photometric={minisblack|miniswhite} GraphicsMagick (photometric) . tiff:photometric GraphicsMagick . miniswhite minisblack . tiff:report-warnings={false|true} tiff:report-warnings true TIFF . . TIFF TIFF TIFF . tiff:sample-format={unsigned|ieeefp} tiff:sample-format GraphicsMagick TIFF . "unsigned" . TIFF float ( ) double ( ) "ieeefp" . tiff:bits-per-sample . tiff:max-sample-value= tiff:max-sample-value GraphicsMagick TIFF IEEE . 1.0 SMaxSampleValue ( ) . 1.0 SMaxSampleValue ( ) . tiff:min-sample-value= tiff:min-sample-value GraphicsMagick TIFF IEEE . 0.0 SMinSampleValue ( ) . tiff:bits-per-sample= tiff:bits-per-sample GraphicsMagick . 'unsigned' IEEEFP 16/32/24/64 . TIFF 6.0 ( RGB CMYK). tiff:samples-per-pixel= tiff:samples-per-pixel TIFF TIFF . . tiff:rows-per-strip= (strip) TIFF . JPEG . . tiff:strip-per-page=true TIFF . group3 group4 . . tiff:tile TIFF ( ) . TIFF () . tiff:tile-geometry=x TIFF . . . TIFF . GraphicsMagick (scanline) . RGB 128x128 1024x1024 . . tiff:tile-width= TIFF . . . . TIFF . tiff:tile-height= TIFF . . . . TIFF . tiff:webp-lossless={TRUE|FALSE} TIFF WebP TRUE . WebP webp:lossless . -quality . tiff:zstd-compress-level= TIFF Zstd . . 'quality' 'quality' - . webp:exact={true|false} RGB . false . webp:lossless={true|false} . 'exact' . webp:method={0-6} /. webp:image-hint={default,graph,photo,picture} . webp:target-size= . webp:target-psnr= . webp:segments={1-4} (segments) . webp:sns-strength={0-100} (Spatial Noise Shaping). webp:filter-strength={0-100} . webp:filter-sharpness={0-7} . webp:filter-type={0,1} . 0 = 1 = ( filter- strength > 0 autofilter ). webp:auto-filter={true|false} . webp:alpha-compression= (0 = 1 = WebP ). 1 . webp:alpha-filtering= . 0: 1: 2: . 1 . webp:alpha-quality={0-100} 0 ( ) 100 ( ). 100 . webp:pass=[1..10] . webp:show-compressed={true|false} . . webp:preprocessing=[0,1,2] 0= 1= 2= webp:partitions=[0-3] log2( ) [0..3]. 0 . webp:partition-limit={0-100} 512k (0: 100: ). webp:emulate-jpeg-size={true|false} true JPEG . . webp:thread-level= . webp:low-memory={true|false} ( CPU ) webp:use-sharp-yuv={true|false} ( ) RGB->YUV postscript : gm convert bilevel.tif -define ps:imagemask eps3:stencil.ps -delay <1/100ths of a second> . Delay/100 . . 65535 . ( -delay 10-500) . -density x () Postscript PDF WMF SVG . . (DPI) . -units . 72 ( Macintosh Postscript). 72 96 150 300 600 1200 . (1024 1024x768). . Photoshop . Photoshop . density . . -resample . -depth . 1 QuantumDepth ( ) 8 16 . GRAY RGB CMYK . ( '-operator All Depth N') -operator . -descend -despeckle -displace x composite image . . . . . mask composite image X mask Y . -display X convert X . X(1) . -dispose GIF . : Undefined . None . Background . Previous . -dissolve / (opacity) . -dither Floyd/Steinberg dithering . (contouring) . -colors -monochrome . +dither dithering PostScript (aliasing) . dithering ( ) . -draw . . : point x,y line x0,y0 x1,y1 rectangle x0,y0 x1,y1 roundRectangle x0,y0 x1,y1 wc,hc arc x0,y0 x1,y1 a0,a1 ellipse x0,y0 rx,ry a0,a1 circle x0,y0 x1,y1 polyline x0,y0 ... xn,yn polygon x0,y0 ... xn,yn Bezier x0,y0 ... xn,yn path path specification image operator x0,y0 w,h filename : text x0,y0 string : gravity NorthWest, North, NorthEast, West, Center, East, SouthWest, South, or SouthEast . -gravity -draw . : rotate degrees translate dx,dy scale sx,sy skewX degrees skewY degrees : color x0,y0 method matte x0,y0 method -stroke . line point -fill . -fill none . Point . Line . Rectangle - - . RoundRectangle - - . Circle . Arc . ( 130,30 200,100 45,90). Ellipse x y ( 100,100 100,150 0,360). polyline polygon . . 100,100 150,150 : -draw 'circle 100,100 150,150' Paths ( Paths ) moveto ( ) lineto ( ) curveto ( ) arc ( ) closepath ( moveto) . ( moveto ) " " . image . image : -draw 'image Over 100,100 225,225 image.jpg' 0,0 . . -compose . text . . . . -comment . -draw 'text 100,100 "%m:%f %wx%h"' MIFF:bird.miff 512x480 bird.miff 512 480 . string @ . ( ). Rotate . -region -draw - . Translate () . Scale . SkewX SkewY . -affine . -draw . -affine . -draw . color ( -fill ). : point replace floodfill filltoborder reset . point . replace . Floodfill filltoborder . reset . matte . ( color ). point . replace . Floodfill filltoborder (-bordercolor) . reset . -fill -font -box . -draw ..TP -edge -emboss -encoding : AdobeCustom, AdobeExpert, AdobeStandard, AppleRoman, BIG5, GB2312, Latin 2, None, SJIScode, Symbol, Unicode, Wansung. -endian (MSB LSB Native) MSB ( SPARC Motorola 68K) LSB ( Intel 'x86 VAX) . Native (CPU) . CMYK DPX GRAY RGB TIFF . +endian . -enhance -equalize -extent x{+-}{+-} (-background) x . x y (-gravity) (-compose) . . : gm convert infile.jpg -thumbnail 120x80 -background red -gravity center \ -extent 140x100-10-5 outfile.jpg JPEG 800x600 : gm convert -size 800x600 input.jpg \ -resize 800x600 -background black \ -compose Copy -gravity center \ -extent 800x600 \ -quality 92 output.jpg 4:3 800x600 . -file -file . reference compare compare . ( -highlight-style) ( -highlight-color) . -fill GraphicsMagick RGB RGBA SVG CSS Color Module Level 3 (). "gm convert -list color" : name (named color) #RGB (hex numbers, 4 bits each) #RRGGBB (8 bits each) #RRRGGGBBB (12 bits each) #RRRRGGGGBBBB (16 bits each) #RRRRRRRRGGGGGGGGBBBBBBBB (32 bits each) #RGBA (4 bits each) #RRGGBBAA (8 bits each) #RRRRRRGGGGGGBBBBBB (12 bits each) #RRRRRRRRGGGGGGGGBBBBBBBBAAAAAAAA (32 bits each) rgb(r,g,b) (r,g,b are decimal numbers, range 0 to QuantumDepth) rgb(r%,g%,b%) (r,g,b are decimal numbers, range 0 to 100%) rgba(r,g,b,a) (r,g,b,a are decimal numbers, range 0 to QuantumDepth) rgba(r%,g%,b%,a%) (r,g,b,a are decimal numbers, range 0 to 100%) "#" . gm convert -fill blue ... gm convert -fill "#ddddff" ... gm convert -fill "rgb(65000,65000,65535)" ... . #3af #33aaff #3333aaaaffff . -draw . -filter ( -geometry). ( CPU): Point Box Triangle Hermite Hanning Hamming Blackman Gaussian Quadratic Cubic Catrom Mitchell Lanczos Bessel Sinc . (matte) Mitchell Lanczos . -flatten () ( PSD ) <<>> ( ) . -flatten . . -flatten . . -flatten . -mosaic -flatten . 640x400 : gm convert -size 640x300 xc:transparent \ -compose over -page +0-100 \ frame.png -flatten output.png PSD : gm convert input.psd -flatten output.png -flip << >> (scanlines) . -flop << >> (scanlines) . -font PostScript TrueType X11 . Arial.ttf TrueType ps:helvetica PostScript x:fixed X11 . -foreground -fill ..TP -format mogrify . GraphicsMagick GraphicsMagick(1) 'gm -list format' . . -format . tiff image.gif image.tiff . -format identify convert ( 'info:-') . Exif : %b %c (comment) %d %e %f %g %h %i %k %l (label) %m (magick) %n %o %p %q %r %s %t %u %w %x %y %A %C %D (disposal) GIF %G %H %M %O (x,y) %P () %Q %T ( ) %U %W %X (x) %Y (y) %@ (trim bounding box) %# (signature) \n \r (carriage return) %% % -format "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff 512 480 MIFF:bird.miff 512x480 . string @ . (sanitize) ( ). (%r) : Bilevel Grayscale GrayscaleMatte Palette PaletteMatte TrueColor TrueColorMatte ColorSeparation ColorSeparationMatte Optimize Exif : %[EXIF:] <<>> : * ( Exif keyword=data) ! ( Exif tag_number) #hhhh ( Exif #hhhh) ImageWidth ImageLength BitsPerSample Compression PhotometricInterpretation FillOrder DocumentName ImageDescription Make Model StripOffsets Orientation SamplesPerPixel RowsPerStrip StripByteCounts XResolution YResolution PlanarConfiguration ResolutionUnit TransferFunction Software DateTime Artist WhitePoint PrimaryChromaticities TransferRange JPEGProc JPEGInterchangeFormat JPEGInterchangeFormatLength YCbCrCoefficients YCbCrSubSampling YCbCrPositioning ReferenceBlackWhite CFARepeatPatternDim CFAPattern BatteryLevel Copyright ExposureTime FNumber IPTC/NAA ExifOffset InterColorProfile ExposureProgram SpectralSensitivity GPSInfo ISOSpeedRatings OECF ExifVersion DateTimeOriginal DateTimeDigitized ComponentsConfiguration CompressedBitsPerPixel ShutterSpeedValue ApertureValue BrightnessValue ExposureBiasValue MaxApertureValue SubjectDistance MeteringMode LightSource Flash FocalLength MakerNote UserComment SubSecTime SubSecTimeOriginal SubSecTimeDigitized FlashPixVersion ColorSpace ExifImageWidth ExifImageLength InteroperabilityOffset FlashEnergy SpatialFrequencyResponse FocalPlaneXResolution FocalPlaneYResolution FocalPlaneResolutionUnit SubjectLocation ExposureIndex SensingMethod FileSource SceneType JPEG ( JPEG) : %[JPEG-] <<>> : * ( JPEG keyword=data) Quality <<>> IJG JPEG Colorspace JPEG Colorspace-Name JPEG Sampling-factors JPEG JPEG <<>> IJG JPEG 6b . ( Adobe Photoshop) . (shell) ..TP -frame x++ (geometry) -geometry . -frame -gravity . -mattecolor . -frame X -fuzz {%} . . RGB ( ). -trim . distance "%" ( ) . -gamma . . 0.8 2.3 . 1.0 1.0 . ( 0 255) . ( 1.7/2.3/1.2). +gamma value . ( PNG). -gaussian {x} () . -geometry x{+-}{+-}{%}{@}{!}{^}{<}{>} . -geometry . X11 ( 'animate' 'display' 'import') . ( ) . 'import' 'convert' 'mogrify' . . . -geometry . (aspect ratio) . ^ . ! ( ) . 640x480! . 'x' ( -geometry 100 -geometry 100x100 ). 'x' . 'x' ( -geometry x256) . % . . ( 125%). . @ . > . < . '640x480>' 256x256 . 512x512 1024x1024 480x480 . < > (redirection) . animate display X(1) -gravity . x . y . "%" . composite -geometry . -gravity NorthEast East SouthEast x . -gravity SouthWest South SouthEast y . . "%" . -resize . convert import mogrify -geometry -resize . . montage -geometry (tile) 256x256+0+0 . ( ) . -gravity Center . "%" . -resize . -gravity . : NorthWest North NorthEast West Center East SouthWest South SouthEast. . Center . NorthWest . -draw . -gravity . -gravity -geometry ( -crop) . -gravity -geometry . composite -gravity . montage -gravity . Center . -green-primary , -hald-clut Hald CLUT Hald CLUT ( <>) . Hald CLUT (order) . ( ) Hald CLUT ( ) . Hald CLUT 512x512 ( ) 4096x4096 ( ) . CLUT CLUT (identity CLUT) . Hald CLUT CLUT . CLUT . GraphicsMagick CLUT IDENTITY . IDENTITY:8 CLUT . Hald CLUT . CLUT IDENTITY . (interpolation) CLUT . PNG Hald CLUT ..TP -help -highlight-color . -highlight-style