GDALDEM(1) GDAL GDALDEM(1) (NAME) gdaldem - (DEM) (SYNOPSIS) gdaldem [--help] [--help-general] GDAL: (shaded relief): gdaldem hillshade [-z ] [[-s ] | [-xscale -yscale ]] [-az ] [-alt ] [-alg ZevenbergenThorne] [-combined | -multidirectional | -igor] [-compute_edges] [-b ] [-of ] [-co =]... [-q] (slope map): gdaldem slope [-p] [[-s ] | [-xscale -yscale ]] [-alg ZevenbergenThorne] [-compute_edges] [-b ] [-of ] [-co =]... [-q] (aspect map) 0 360 : gdaldem aspect [-trigonometric] [-zero_for_flat] [-alg ZevenbergenThorne] [-compute_edges] [-b ] [-of format] [-co =]... [-q] (color relief): gdaldem color-relief [-alpha] [-exact_color_entry | -nearest_color_entry] [-b ] [-of format] [-co =]... [-q] color_text_file "elevation_value red green blue [alpha]" . alpha '-alpha' . (TRI): gdaldem TRI input_dem output_TRI_map [-alg Wilson|Riley] [-compute_edges] [-b Band (default=1)] [-of format] [-q] (TPI): gdaldem TPI [-compute_edges] [-b ] [-of ] [-co =]... [-q] (roughness map): gdaldem roughness [-compute_edges] [-b ] [-of ] [-co =]... [-q] (DESCRIPTION) gdaldem . x y z . (hillshade) (slope) GDAL 3.11 -scale -xscale -yscale CRS CRS gdaldem CRS ( GDALRasterBand::GetUnitType() ) . CRS . x (-) y (-) z () -scale ( -xscale -yscale) . (LatLong) (z) scale=370400 ( ) scale=111120 ( ) . gdaldem gdalwarp . : o hillshade GDAL. o slope GDAL. o aspect GDAL. o color-relief GDAL. o TRI (Terrain Ruggedness Index) GDAL. o TPI (Topographic Position Index) GDAL. o roughness GDAL. : "gdal": o gdal raster aspect o gdal raster color-map o gdal raster hillshade o gdal raster slope o gdal raster tpi o gdal raster tri : --help . --help-general GDAL . DEM . . -of . ( GTiff -- GeoTIFF File Format ). . -compute_edges nodata. -b . 1 . -co = . GeoTIFF . . --format . Raster drivers . -q, --quiet . color-relief nodata 3x3 nodata . 1 nodata . -compute_edges gdaldem nodata 3x3 . (MODES) hillshade 8 . . . 0 nodata . : -alg Horn|ZevenbergenThorne Zevenbergen & Thorne Horn . -z . -s . DEM ( Lat/Long WGS84) scale=111120 ( scale=370400). GDAL 3.11 -scale -xscale -yscale CRS gdaldem CRS ( GDALRasterBand::GetUnitType() ) . CRS . -xscale -yscale -scale . -scale -xscale -yscale . -xscale 3.11. X. DEM ( Lat/Long WGS84) scale=111120 ( scale=370400). GDAL 3.11 -scale -xscale -yscale CRS gdaldem CRS ( GDALRasterBand::GetUnitType() ) . CRS . -xscale -yscale . -yscale 3.11. Y. DEM ( Lat/Long WGS84) scale=111120 ( scale=370400). GDAL 3.11 -scale -xscale -yscale CRS gdaldem CRS ( GDALRasterBand::GetUnitType() ) . CRS . -yscale -xscale . -az () . 0 90 ... 315 . -alt . 90 DEM 0 () . -combined (oblique shading). -multidirectional 225 270 315 360 . -igor . -alt . 3.0. http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1992/of92-422/of92-422.pdf . Igor Maperitive http://maperitive.net/docs/Commands/GenerateReliefImageIgor.html . slope DEM . : . . -9999 nodata . : -alg Horn|ZevenbergenThorne Zevenbergen & Thorne Horn . -p . . -s . DEM ( Lat/Long WGS84) scale=111120 ( scale=370400). GDAL 3.11 -scale -xscale -yscale CRS gdaldem CRS ( GDALRasterBand::GetUnitType() ) . CRS . -xscale -yscale -scale . -scale -xscale -yscale . -xscale 3.11. X. DEM ( Lat/Long WGS84) scale=111120 ( scale=370400). GDAL 3.11 -scale -xscale -yscale CRS gdaldem CRS ( GDALRasterBand::GetUnitType() ) . CRS . -xscale -yscale . -yscale 3.11. Y. DEM ( Lat/Long WGS84) scale=111120 ( scale=370400). GDAL 3.11 -scale -xscale -yscale CRS gdaldem CRS ( GDALRasterBand::GetUnitType() ) . CRS . -yscale -xscale . aspect 0 360 () . : 0 90 180 270 ( ). -9999 nodata . : -alg Horn|ZevenbergenThorne Zevenbergen & Thorne Horn . -trigonometric . 0 90 180 270 . -zero_for_flat 0 -9999. 2 gdaldem aspect r.slope.aspect GRASS . aspect.cpp Matthew Perry . color-relief (RGB) (RGBA) . DEM . -exact_color_entry -nearest_color_entry . : color_text_file . -alpha . -exact_color_entry . RGBA "0,0,0,0" . -nearest_color_entry RGBA . color-relief VRT . (LUT) . VRT . : ( 0 255). nv nodata . : 0% 100% . : (tab) ':'. GRASS RGB . : white, black, red, green, blue, yellow, magenta, cyan, aqua, grey/gray, orange, brown, purple/violet indigo. GMT .cpt ( COLOR_MODEL = RGB). : r.colors GRASS . HDR ESRI (.clr) . tab GDAL . : 3500 white 2500 235:220:175 50% 190 185 135 700 240 250 150 0 50 180 50 nv 0 0 0 0 . [0,10] ]10,20] ]20,30]: 0 red 10 red 10.001 green 20 green 20.001 blue 30 blue TRI . TRI (Terrain Ruggedness Index) . -9999 nodata . : -alg Wilson|Riley GDAL 3.3 Riley ( Riley, S.J., De Gloria, S.D., Elliot, R. (1999): A Terrain Ruggedness that Quantifies Topographic Heterogeneity. Intermountain Journal of Science, Vol.5, No.1-4, pp.23-27) . . . Wilson ( Wilson et al 2007, Marine Geodesy 30:3-35) . . TPI . TPI (Topographic Position Index) ( Wilson et al 2007, Marine Geodesy 30:3-35). -9999 nodata . . roughness . (Roughness) Wilson et al (2007, Marine Geodesy 30:3-35). -9999 nodata . . (RETURN STATUS CODE) 0 ( ). C (C API) C GDALDEMProcessing() . (AUTHORS) Matthew Perry perrygeo@gmail.com, Even Rouault even.rouault@spatialys.com, Howard Butler hobu.inc@gmail.com, Chris Yesson chris.yesson@ioz.ac.uk Michael Shapiro, Olga Waupotitsch, Marjorie Larson, Jim Westervelt: U.S. Army CERL, 1993. GRASS 4.1 Reference Manual. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Construction Engineering Research Laboratories, Champaign, Illinois, 1-425. (SEE ALSO) GRASS: https://grass.osgeo.org/grass84/manuals/r.slope.aspect.html https://grass.osgeo.org/grass84/manuals/r.relief.html https://grass.osgeo.org/grass84/manuals/r.colors.html (AUTHOR) Matthew Perry , Even Rouault , Howard Butler , Chris Yesson (COPYRIGHT) 1998-2026 August 18, 2026 GDALDEM(1)