GDAL-VECTOR-SQL(1) GDAL GDAL-VECTOR-SQL(1) (NAME) gdal-vector-sql - () SQL 3.11. (SYNOPSIS) Usage: gdal vector sql [OPTIONS] [] Apply SQL statement(s) to a dataset. Positional arguments: -i, --dataset, --input Input vector datasets [required] [not available in pipelines] -o, --output Output vector dataset [not available in pipelines] Common Options: -h, --help Display help message and exit --json-usage Display usage as JSON document and exit --config = Configuration option [may be repeated] -q, --quiet Quiet mode (no progress bar or warning message) [not available in pipelines] Options: -f, --of, --format, --output-format Output format ("GDALG" allowed) [not available in pipelines] --co, --creation-option = Creation option [may be repeated] [not available in pipelines] --lco, --layer-creation-option = Layer creation option [may be repeated] [not available in pipelines] --overwrite Whether overwriting existing output dataset is allowed [not available in pipelines] --update Whether to open existing dataset in update mode [not available in pipelines] --overwrite-layer Whether overwriting existing output layer is allowed [not available in pipelines] --append Whether appending to existing layer is allowed [not available in pipelines] Mutually exclusive with --upsert --skip-errors Skip errors when writing features [not available in pipelines] --sql |@ SQL statement(s) [may be repeated] [required] --output-layer Output layer name(s) [may be repeated] --dialect SQL dialect (e.g. OGRSQL, SQLITE) Advanced Options: --if, --input-format Input formats [may be repeated] [not available in pipelines] --oo, --open-option = Open options [may be repeated] [not available in pipelines] --output-oo, --output-open-option = Output open options [may be repeated] [not available in pipelines] --upsert Upsert features (implies 'append') [not available in pipelines] Mutually exclusive with --append (DESCRIPTION) gdal vector sql SQL . GDAL 3.12 --update UPDATE DELETE . GDALG ( / ) (GDALG OUTPUT (ON-THE-FLY / STREAMED DATASET)) JSON GDALG . GDALG: GDAL Streamed Algorithm / (on-the-fly / streamed) . (PROGRAM-SPECIFIC OPTIONS) --output-layer () SQL . "SELECT" . SQL --output-layer . --quiet 3.12. . --sql |@ SQL / ( SELECT). ( --sql ). --dialect SQL. gdal vector sql SQL RDBMS . sql gdal vector pipeline sql read OGRSQL . SQL OGRSQL . SQL SQLite dialect SQLITE INDIRECT_SQLITE . SQL . gdal --format . : $ gdal --format "PostgreSQL" [...] Supported SQL dialects: NATIVE OGRSQL SQLITE [...] $ gdal --format "ESRI Shapefile" [...] Supported SQL dialects: OGRSQL SQLITE [...] --append () . . --co, --creation-option = . GeoPackage . . . --formats . Vector drivers . . --if, --input-format / () . . . . . . --lco, --layer-creation-option = . GeoPackage . . . --formats . Vector drivers . . --oo, --open-option = ( ). . -f, --of, --format, --output-format . : gdal --formats | grep vector | grep rw | sort --output-open-option, --output-oo = 3.12 . ( ). . --overwrite . gdal . --overwrite-layer . --skip-errors 3.12 . () . . --update . --upsert 3.12 . --append OGRLayer::CreateFeature() OGRLayer::UpsertFeature() . : GPKG -- GeoPackage vector Elasticsearch: Geographically Encoded Objects for Elasticsearch MongoDBv3 ( upsert GDAL_DCAP_UPSERT ). upsert FID ( FID) . FID . GPKG UNIQUE (integer primary key) upsert FID (non-significant) ( --unset-fid gdal vector edit FID ). -q, --quiet . ( ). (EXAMPLES) : GeoPackage $ gdal vector sql in.gpkg out.gpkg --output-layer country_sorted_by_pop --sql="SELECT * FROM country ORDER BY pop DESC" : GeoPackage SQL $ gdal vector sql in.gpkg out.gpkg --output-layer=beginning,end --sql="SELECT * FROM my_layer LIMIT 100" --sql="SELECT * FROM my_layer OFFSET 100000 LIMIT 100" : (in-place) GeoPackage $ gdal vector sql --update my.gpkg --sql "DELETE FROM countries WHERE pop > 1e6" : GeoPackage $ gdal vector sql --update my.gpkg --sql "ALTER TABLE countries ADD COLUMN abbrev STRING(10)" : GeoPackage $ gdal vector pipeline read europe.gpkg ! \ sql --sql "SELECT * FROM country WHERE pop > 1e6" ! \ write --append --output-layer-name=world world.gpkg (AUTHORS) Even Rouault (COPYRIGHT) 1998-2026 August 18, 2026 GDAL-VECTOR-SQL(1)