GDAL-RASTER-NEIGHBORS(1) GDAL GDAL-RASTER-NEIGHBORS(1) >>> (NAME) gdal-raster-neighbors - >>>>>> >>>>> >> >>>>> >> >>>> >>>>>>>> >> (>>>> >>>>>>) >> >>>> 3.12 >>>>> >>. >>>>> >>>>> (SYNOPSIS) Usage: gdal raster neighbors [OPTIONS] >>>>>> >>>>> >> >>>>> >> >>>>>>>> >> (>>>> >>>>>>) >>>>>>>>>>> >>>>> (Positional arguments): -i, --input >>>>>>>>>>>>>>> >>>>> >>>>> [>>>>>>] [>> >>>> >>>> >> >>>>> >>>>] -o, --output >>>>>>>>>>> >>>>> >>>>> [>>>>>>] [>> >>>> >>>> >> >>>>> >>>>] >>>>>>>>> >>>>> (Common Options): -h, --help >>>>> >>>> >>>>>> > >>>> --json-usage >>>>> >>>> >>>>>>> >> >>>> >>> JSON > >>>> --config = >>>>> >>>>>>>> [>>>>>>>>>] -q, --quiet >>>> >>>>>> (>>>> >>>> >>>>>> >> >>>> >>>>>) [>> >>>> >>>> >> >>>>> >>>>] >>>>>>>> (Options): -f, --of, --format, --output-format >>>> >>>>> (>>>> >>>> "GDALG") [>> >>>> >>>> >> >>>>> >>>>] --co, --creation-option = >>>>> >>>>> [>>>>>>>>>] [>> >>>> >>>> >> >>>>> >>>>] --overwrite >>> >>>>>>>> >>> >>>>>>>>>>> >>>>> >>>>> >>>> >>> [>> >>>> >>>> >> >>>>> >>>>] >>>>>>>> >> --append --append >>>>> >> >>>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>> >> >>>>> >>>>> [>> >>>> >>>> >> >>>>> >>>>] >>>>>>>> >> --overwrite -b, --band >>>> >>>>> (>>>> >> >>>> >> >) --method >>> >>>>> >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>. METHOD=mean|sum|min|max|stddev|median|mode [>>>>>>>>>] --size >>>>>> >>>>>>> --kernel >>>>(>>>) >>>>>>>> >>> >>>>> [>.. >>>>>>] [>>>>>>] --ot, --datatype, --output-data-type >>> >>>> >>>>>. OUTPUT-DATA-TYPE=UInt8|Int8|UInt16|Int16|UInt32|Int32|UInt64|Int64|CInt16|CInt32|Float16|Float32|Float64|CFloat32|CFloat64 (>>>>>>>: Float64) --nodata >>>>>> >>>>> >>>>>>> (nodata) >>>> >> >>>>>>> >>>>> ('none'> >>>>> >>>>> 'nan'> 'inf'> '-inf') >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>> (Advanced Options): --if, --input-format >>>>>>>> >>>>> [>>>>>>>>>] [>> >>>> >>>> >> >>>>> >>>>] --oo, --open-option = >>>>>>>>> >>> >>>> [>>>>>>>>>] [>> >>>> >>>> >> >>>>> >>>>] >>>>>>> (DESCRIPTION) >>>>> gdal raster neighbors >> >>>> (>>>>>> >>>>>>>>) > >> >>> >> >>>> >>>>>> >>>>> >>>>> >>> >> >>> >>>>>>> >>>>> >>>>> >>>> >>>>> >>>>>>. >> >>> >>>>>>> >>>>>> >>>> >>> >>>>> >>>>>>> >> >>>>> >>>> >> >> >>>> >>>>> >> >>>>> >>>>>>>>> >>>>> >> >>>> >>>> >>>>> >>>>> > >> >>>> >>>>> >>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>> >> > >>>> >>> >>> >>>>>>. >>> >>>>>> >>>> >>> >>>> >> >>>> >>>>>>>>> >> >>> >>>>>> >>>> >> >>>>> >>>>>>>>> >>>. >>>> >> >>>> >>> >>>>> >>> >>>>> >>>> >>>>>> (>>>>> >> >> >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>>) >>>>> >> nodata (>>>>>>>) >>>>> >>>>> >>>> >>> nodata >>>>> >>>. >>>> >>>> >>>>>> >>>> >> >>>>>>> >>>>>>>>> >>>> >>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>> >>>>>> >>>>> >>>>>>>. >>> >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> >>>> >> >> gdal pipeline >> gdal raster pipeline >>>>. [>>>>>] >>>>>>>>>>> >>>>> >>> >> >>> (>>) > >> >> >>> (>>>>) >> >> >>>> >x> >>>>>>. >>>>>> NoData >>>> >>>>> >>> >>> >> >>> >>>>> >>>>>>>. >> >>>> >> >>>>> >>>> >>>>> >> >>> >>>>>>>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> >>> >>>>> >>>>>>>. >>>>> GDALG (>>>>>>>>>>> >> >>>> / >>>>>>) >>> >>>>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>> >> >>>>> >> >>>>> >> >>>> JSON >> >>>>>>> >> >>>> >>>>> GDALG >>>>>>>> >>>>>>. >>> >>>> >>>> >>>>>>>> >> >>>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>> >>>>> >> >>>>>>> >> >>>>>> GDALG: GDAL Streamed Algorithm >>> >>> > >> >>>> >>>>>>>>> >> >> >>>> >> >>>> / >>>>>> >>>>> >>>. >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>> (PROGRAM-SPECIFIC OPTIONS) --band >>>>> >>>> >>>> (>>>>> >> >> >>>> >>>>>>). >> >>>> >>> >>>>>> >>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>>. --kernel >>>> >>>>>>>> >>> >>>>> >> >>>>>>>>> >>>> >> >>>>>>> >> >>>>>. o >> >>> >> >>>> >>>>>>>>>> >> >>>> edge1> edge2> sharpen> gaussian> >> unsharp-masking> >>>>>> >> >>> >>>>>>> (>>>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>)> >> >>>>> >>>>> >>>>>> >>>: o equal >>>>>> >> >> >>>> >> >>>> >>>>> >>>>> >> >> (>>>>>> >>>> >>>>>>>> >> >>> >>>> >>> > >> >> >>>>): \begin{align} \begin{bmatrix} 1 & 1 & 1\\ 1 & 1 & 1 \\ 1 & 1 & 1 \end{bmatrix} \end{align} >>>> >>> mean> >>> >>>>> >>>>> >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>> (Box Blur) >>>. o u >>>>>> >> >> >>>> >>>> >> >>>>> >>>: \begin{align} \begin{bmatrix} 0 & 0 & 0\\ -0.5 & 0 & 0.5 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 \end{bmatrix} \end{align} o v >>>>>> >> >> >>>> >>>>> >> >>>>> >>>: \begin{align} \begin{bmatrix} 0 & -0.5 & 0\\ 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0.5 & 0 \end{bmatrix} \end{align} >>>>>>>> edge1> edge2> sharpen> u > v >>> >>>> >>>>>> >>>> >>>>> >> > >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>. >>>> gaussian >>>> >>>>>> >>>> >>>>> >> > >> > >>>>>>>> >>>>>>. >>>> unsharp-masking >>>> >>>>>> >>>> >>>>> >> > >>>>>>>> >>>>>>. o >> >>>>>> >>>>> >>>> >> >>>>> >> >>>>>> >>>>> >> >>>> > >>>>>> N> >> >> >> N >> >>> >>> >>>> >> >>>> [[val00, val01, ..., val0N],[val10, val11, ..., val1N],...,[valN0, valN1, ..., valNN]]. >>> --method >>> mean >>>>> >>>> >>> >>> >>> >>>>>> >>>>> >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>> (>>>>>>>>>>>>> >>>> >>> nodata) > >>>>> >> >> >>>>> >>>>> >>>>> >> >>>> >> >>>>> >>>>. >>> --kernel >>>>> >>> >>>> >>>> >>>> >> >>>>> >>>> > >>>> >>>>> >> >>>> >>>>> >>>> >>>>> >>>>. --method sum|mean|min|max|stddev|median|mode >>>> >>>> >>> >>> >>>>> >> >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>> >> >>>>>>> >>>>>>>>> >> >>>>. >>>>>>> mean >>>> >>> >>>>> >> --kernel >>> u> v> edge1> edge2> >> >> >>>> >>>>>>>>> >>>> >>>>> >> >>>>> >>>>> >> >>> >>> >>>>> >>> >>>>> >> >> >>> >>>> >> sum >>>>>>> >>>>>>. o sum: >>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>>>>> >>>> >>> >> >>> >>>>>> >>>> >> >>>>>> >>>>>>. >>> >>>>> >> >> >>>> >> >>>>> >>>>>>>>>> >>>>> >>>. o mean: >>>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>>>>> >>>> >>> >> >>> >>>>>> >>>> >> >>>>>> >>>>>>. >>> >>> >>> >>>>>>>>>> >>>>> >>>> >> >> >>>>> >>>> >> >>>> >> >>>>> >>>>> >>>>> >> >> >>>. o min: >>>>> >>>>> >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>>>>> >>>> >>> >> >>> >>>>>> >>>> >> >>>>>> >>>>>> o max: >>>>>> >>>>> >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>>>>> >>>> >>> >> >>> >>>>>> >>>> >> >>>>>> >>>>>> o stddev: >>>>>> >>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>>>>> >>>> >>> >> >>> >>>>>> >>>> >> >>>>>> >>>>>> o median: >>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>>>>> >>>> >>> >> >>> >>>>>> >>>> >> >>>>>> >>>>>> o mode (>>>>>>/>>>): >>>>>>>>>>> >>>>> >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>>>>> >>>> >>> >> >>> >>>>>> >>>> >> >>>>>> >>>>>> --nodata >>>>> >>>>> NoData >>>> >>>>>>>>>>> >>>>>. >>>>>>>> >>> none >>>>> >>> >> >>>>> NoData >>>>>>>>>> >>>> >>>>>. >>> --nodata >>>> >>>>> >>>>> gdal raster neighbors >> >>>>> NoData >>>>> >>>>>>>>>>> >>>>> >> >>>>> >> >>>> >>>>>>> >>>>> >>>. --size >>>>>> >>>>. >> >>> >>> >>> > > >>. >>>>: >>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>> >> >>>>> >>>>>> >>>> >>>. >>>> >>>>>>>> edge1> edge2> sharpen> u> v> gaussian> equal> >>>>> >>>>>>> > >>>. >>>> >>>> unsharp-masking> >>>>> >>>>>>> > >>>. >>>> >>>>>>>>> >> >> >>>>>> >>>>> >>> >>>>> >>>>>>>> >>> >>>>> >> >>> >>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>. >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>> (STANDARD OPTIONS) --append >>>>> >>>> >>>>> >> >>>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>>>>> >>>> >> >>>> >>>>> >>>>>. >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>> >>> >>>>>> >> >> >>>>>> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>> GTiff -- GeoTIFF File Format > GPKG -- GeoPackage raster. >>> >>>>> >>>>>> >> >>>> >>> >>>> >>>>>>>>>>> >>>>>> >> >> >>>>> >>>>>>. --co, --creation-option = >>>>>> >> >>>>>>> >> >> >>> >>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>> >>>>> >> >>>>>>>>> >>>> >>>>> >>>>>>>>> >>> >>>> >>>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>. >> >>>>> >>>>> >>>>>> GeoTIFF >> >>>>>>>>> >>>>> >>>> >>>>> >>>>>>>>>> > >>>>>>>>> >>> >>>> >>>>>>>> >>>>>>. >>>>>>>>> >>>. >>>>>>>>> >>>>> >> >>>>> >> >>>> >>>>>> >>>> >>>>> >>> > >>>> >>>>>>>> >>>> >>> >>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>>. >>>>>> >> >>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>>>>> >>>> >> >>>> >> >>>>>>> >> >>>>> >> >>>>> --formats >>>>>> >>>> >>> >>>>>>> >>>>> >>>> >>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>>>>> >>>>> >>>>>> >>>. >>>> >>>>>> >>>>>>>>> >>>>> >>>> >>>> >> >>>>> >> >>>>>>> >>>> >> >>>> >> Raster drivers >>>>>> >>>>. --if, --input-format >>> >>>>/>>>>>>> >> >>>> >>> >>>> >>>>(>>>) >>>>> >>>> >>>>>>. >>>>>>> >>>>> >> >>>>> >> >>>>> >>> >>>>>>> >> >> >>>> >>>>>>>> >> >>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>> >> >> >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>> >>>>>> >>>> >>>>>>> >>>. >>> >>>>> >>>>>>>> >>>>> >>> >>>> >>>>> >>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>> >>>. >>>> >>>>> >>>>> >> >>> >>>>> >> >>>>>>>> >> >>>>> >> >>> >>>> >>>>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>. >> >>>>> >>>> >> >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>>>>>> >>>> >>>>> >>>> >>>>>. >>>>>>>>> >>>. --oo, --open-option = >>>>> >>> >>>> >>>>>>>>>>> (>>>> >>>>). >>>>>>>>> >>>. -f, --of, --format, --output-format >>>>> >>>>> >> >>>> >>>> >>>>> >>>>> >>>>>>> >>>. >>>>>> >>>> >> >>>>>>> >> >>>>> >>> >> >>> >>>>: gdal --formats | grep raster | grep rw | sort --ot, --datatype, --output-data-type >>> >>>> >>>>> >> >>>> Byte> Int8> UInt16> Int16> UInt32> Int32> UInt64> Int64> CInt16> CInt32> Float32> Float64> CFloat32> CFloat64. --overwrite >>>>> >>>> >> >>>>>> >>>> >>>>>>>> >>> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>> >>> >>>>>. >> >>> >>> >>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>>>> >>> >>>> >> >>>>>>>>>>> >>> >> >>> >>>> >>>>> >>>>> gdal >> >>> >>>>> >>>>>>. >> >>>>> >>>>> (RETURN STATUS CODE) >>>>>> >> >>>> >>>>>> >> >>>>> 0 > >> >>>> >>>> >>> >>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>>>>>>> (>>>>>> >>>>>>>>>>>>> >> >> >>>> >>>>> >>>>> >>>>>>> >> >>>>> >>>>> >>>> >> >>> >>>>> >>>>>>>). >>>>>>> (EXAMPLES) >>>> >: >>>>>> >>>> >>>> > >>>>> >> >>>> >>>>>>> gdal raster neighbors --kernel u --kernel v in.tif uv.tif >>>> >: >>>>>> >>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> >> >>>>> >> >> >>>>>>> >x> gdal raster neighbors --kernel equal --method mean in.tif mean.tif >>>> >: >>>>>> >>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>>> >> >>>>> >> >> >>>>>>> >x> gdal raster neighbors --kernel equal --size 5 --method max in.tif max.tif >>>> >: >>>>>> >>>>> >>>>>>>>> (Sharpen) >> >>>> >>>>>>> >> >>>>> >>>> >>>>> >>>> gdal raster neighbors "--kernel=[[0,-1,0],[-1,5,-1],[0,-1,0]]" in.tif sharpen.tif >>>>>>> (AUTHOR) Even Rouault >> >>> (COPYRIGHT) 1998-2026 August 18, 2026 GDAL-RASTER-NEIGHBORS(1)